Urine containing a large number of leukocytes is called leukocyturia. In a normal person, there are only a few red blood cells in the urine, and a fresh and clean intermediate urine with <5 leukocytes/high magnification field. Causes of increased urine leukocytes 1, urinary tract bacterial infectious diseases: pyelonephritis, renal abscess, renal tuberculosis, kidney stones with infection, polycystic kidney with infection. Inflammation of ureter, bladder, prostatitis, etc. Yu Dajun, Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2. Inflammation of adjacent organs, such as inflammation of gynecology in female patients causing contamination of vaginal secretions, which increases urine leukocytes. 3, but not all urine leukocyte increase is infectious disease, in the acute phase of kidney disease, such as acute glomerulonephritis, acute progressive nephritis, acute interstitial nephritis, etc., can cause an increase in urine leukocytes. In this case, urine leukocytes are only mildly elevated and the leukocytes in urinalysis are usually <10/high magnification field. Neutrophil elevation is predominant except in acute interstitial nephritis, where mononuclear lymphocytes are predominant. This infection does not require antibiotic treatment. Therefore, do not mistakenly think that all urine leukocytes are caused by bacterial infection and mistakenly treat with antibiotics.