The ovaries are important reproductive organs located deep in the female pelvis, shaped like almonds, which maintain normal menstruation; are the source of vital hormones in the female body; and are the source of life. As women age, the ovaries’ reserve capacity declines, their skin begins to sag, their libido begins to decline, abdominal fat begins to accumulate, bone deposition is affected, osteoporosis develops, and fertility declines dramatically. We care about the ovaries not only because they maintain a high quality of life for healthy women, but also because they produce the eggs that allow humans to reproduce life. According to Yang, the ovaries play two important roles for women: first, they produce eggs, the most important raw material for reproduction, and second, they produce the female hormones that accompany the growth and development of eggs. The former is easily understood, while the latter is less well known to the general public for its daily manifestations. The maintenance of the female body, the development of the breasts, the number of menstrual periods, the health of the cardiovascular system, the skeletal system, etc. are all closely related to the ovaries. Good ovarian function is inseparable from a woman’s age. At the age of 20-30, the ovaries are at their peak, with good quality eggs, strong fertilization ability and stable levels of ovarian hormones; at the age of 30-35, ovarian function starts to go downhill, with fewer eggs and poorer quality; at the age of 35, a turning point, ovarian function takes a sharp turn for the worse, with the number of follicles dropping dramatically, leaving only 20-30,000; at the age of 50, there are only a few scattered At the age of 50, there are only a few scattered oocytes left. Not only is it difficult for women to conceive, but even if they do conceive, they are prone to miscarriage, and the likelihood of deformities in the baby is higher. It can be said that the reserve function of the ovaries determines a woman’s fertility. When the policy of having two children alone is liberalized, mothers who are over 35 years old may be most eager to know if they can still have children. How sure are they of getting pregnant and having a baby? What is the success rate of in vitro fertilization? Yang Dongzhi said that the first step is to assess the ovarian reserve function, which is a key component of IVF. The assessment of ovarian reserve function actually means assessing how many follicles are left in the ovaries for expulsion, their quality, i.e. how well they can be fertilized and develop into embryos, etc. More directly, it means assessing how fertile a person is. “Can you have a baby and how sure are you?” These seemingly familiar propositions for fortune tellers, says Yang Dongzi, are able to give more accurate judgments through relevant tests. The development of medicine has provided more and more accurate means to assess ovarian reserve function, which can currently be referred to not only age, but also menstrual changes, such as shortened menstrual cycle, reduced menstrual volume, menstrual disorders; basal hormone levels, including FSH, LH, E2, inhibin B, mullerian duct inhibition factor (AMH); ovarian imaging, including AFC, ovarian volume mentioned, ovarian stromal blood flow The ovarian imaging includes AFC, ovarian volume, ovarian stromal blood flow, ovarian stimulation test, etc. In particular, Yang Dongzi mentioned that some studies reported that AMH is a better predictor of ovarian reserve function than FSH, estradiol, and inhibin B in the early follicular phase. Moreover, AMH can evaluate ovarian reserve function at any time, unlike other hormones that need to be monitored in early menstruation. The Reproductive Center of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University launched the accurate assessment of ovarian reserve function in the second half of 2013, and due to the large number of cases and the rich clinical experience accumulated, the current level is at the forefront of the country. Yang Dongzi said that the average age of female outpatients has been raised by the increasing number of mothers who will have their second child but are older, but the statistics show that the cumulative clinical pregnancy rate is increasing and the miscarriage rate is decreasing. 2014 the average age of patients is 33.3 years old, about 40% of patients are over 35 years old, and the clinical pregnancy rate of fresh embryo transfer cycles is under 35 years old patients amounted to 65-70 percent, 54 percent for those 35-39 years old, only 38 percent for those 40-42 years old and 11 percent for those 43 years old or older, while miscarriage rates also increased significantly with age. “We try not to turn down mothers of advanced age, and we do our best to help them achieve their wishes under scientific guidance,” Yang said, citing the example of IVF, where the eggs of advanced age women are not easily retrieved. But for older women, due to insufficient estrogen levels, they can no longer retrieve eggs during the follicular phase, or they can only retrieve a few eggs with poor quality, so they can also choose to retrieve eggs during the luteal phase in the second half of the menstrual cycle.” The quality of eggs retrieved during the luteal phase is also better because during the luteal phase, the corpus luteum produces progesterone and continues to produce estrogen, which in turn becomes a nourishing product for the eggs. This is a windfall for senior mothers. Yang Dongzi lamented that after so many years of working in the fertility center, she is still thrilled and relieved to see her patients’ successful pregnancies and babies being born. While families with two children are actively preparing for pregnancy and having fun, parents who still do not meet the policy can only watch. Yang Dongzi offers a suggestion: consider freezing your eggs first to avoid fertility loss while you wait, and be prepared to thaw them for artificial insemination when the policy is liberalized. “Nowadays, the age of premature ovarian failure in women has moved significantly forward, with many patients going through menopause in their 30s.” Yang Dongzi said that usually 10 years before menopause, a woman’s fertility is already very low and unsuitable for conceiving a child. Therefore, if one’s mother is menopausal earlier than 45 years old, the daughter should pay attention to check ovarian function and reserve fertility early if she is over 30 years old. However, Yang Dongzi also pointed out that although egg cryopreservation technology is tempting, there is still some gap between the successful pregnancy rate of frozen eggs and fresh eggs due to the fragility of the eggs themselves and the high requirements for cryopreservation technology. Clinical data from Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University shows that 15 frozen egg cycles have been performed so far, with an average survival rate of 85.7%, normal fertilization rate of 83.3%, egg cleavage rate of 92% and pregnancy rate of 40.5% after egg thawing. So can eggs be stored routinely now? Not yet, one is that the technology is still not mature enough to freeze embryos, and the second is that the State Ministry of Health policy has not officially approved the compliance of the establishment of egg banks. Prof. Yang Dongzi indicates that the egg freezing technology carried out at the Reproductive Center of Sun Yat Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University is applied in cases where the husband is unable to retrieve sperm after egg retrieval for medical or personal reasons. It is believed that with the advancement of medical research, the chances of conceiving with frozen eggs will be improved in the future and more mothers will enjoy the joy of childbirth. Professor Yang also wants to emphasize that women in the workplace and workaholics who have postponed their fertility plans because of their careers are making the choice between “fertility and promotion” and making the choice of “promotion first”. “Although modern beauty technology has made it difficult to tell a woman’s actual age from her appearance, the most real and important organ in a woman’s body – the ovaries – is like the annual rings of a tree, faithfully recording a woman’s life experience day by day.” Yang Dongzi lamented that unless you plan to be a “dink”, you will be left with no tears when your eggs die one by one and your ovaries are empty.