Spina bifida is a congenital malformation associated with embryonic development. It causes abnormal changes in the spine and spinal cord due to defects in the neural tube. The danger of spina bifida is that some patients can develop incontinence, bilateral lower limb deformities, and hydrocephalus. It is especially difficult to recover from serious problems such as incontinence and paralysis, which can have disastrous consequences for the individual, family and society. Spinal cord embolism refers to the process of neural tube closure, the end of the spinal cord is bound for various reasons, causing the end of the spinal cord to be in a lower than normal position after birth, and during growth and development, the spinal cord cannot synchronize with the growth of the spine, resulting in spinal cord strain and injury. Spina bifida is divided into dominant spina bifida and recessive spina bifida. Overt spina bifida is a cystic mass protruding from the posterior midline of the spine, also known as a spinal cord bulge, and is almost always associated with a spinal cord embolus. Children with recessive spina bifida may be detected late, and in some children the diagnosis is delayed when the high rise in the lumbosacral region, fat accumulation, skin pigmentation, hairiness, and small cavities are not noticed. Some children with occult spina bifida are accompanied by spinal cord embolism, which can manifest urinary incontinence and lower extremity walking disorders; others are born asymptomatic and gradually develop abnormal problems as they grow older. Therefore, parents of children with suspicious changes in the lower back should seek early consultation with the appropriate specialist and an MRI should be performed to clearly identify the presence of spinal cord changes and spinal cord tethering. The damage to the nervous system is progressive, and if diagnosed and treated early, it is possible to stop the nerve damage or to reverse the existing nerve changes.