In recent decades, infertility has become a global public problem, with approximately 70 million infertile couples worldwide, representing about 15% of couples of reproductive age. Current studies have found that environmental factors such as atmospheric pollution, diet, and smoking reduce fertility, while the intake of some nutrients and components is beneficial in enhancing reproductive system improvement. Dietary modification is beneficial to adjust fertility. Fruits, vegetables and grains Fruits and vegetables are rich in antioxidant vitamins, trace elements, folic acid and fiber, which help to reduce the probability of aneuploid sperm, stabilize sperm DNA, increase sperm vitality and concentration, and reduce spousal miscarriage and offspring developmental malformations. Common fruits such as apples, oranges, apricots and peaches, and vegetables such as dark green vegetables, lettuce and tomatoes. Vitamin C can increase sperm count and sperm concentration, vitamin E increases sperm vitality and viability, and lycopene is good for improving sperm morphology. Micronutrient supplementation through diet and meals for senior men can reduce sperm DNA damage. Fiber in fruits, vegetables and grains is beneficial in reducing estrogen and improving male fertility. Potatoes, sweets and sugary drinks The high sugar content in potatoes, sweets and sugary drinks, on the one hand, increases oxidative stress and sugar metabolism, causing a decrease in sperm quality. On the other hand, the plastic containers used in sugary drinks contain BPA and phthalates, which have a negative impact on sperm and eggs. Fish, shells and seafood Fish, shells and seafood cause elevated sperm mainly because they are rich in Omega-3 fatty acids, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is plausible that increased intake of fish and fish oil improves sperm and egg quality. Coffee, tea and alcohol Heavy consumption of tea and caffeine can cause elevated plasma testosterone, which has less effect on male semen quality, but can cause reduced female fertility. Moderate alcohol consumption does not affect sperm quality. Daily alcohol consumption decreases sperm morphology, and excessive alcohol consumption may decrease testosterone levels and cause impaired spermatogenesis. Alcohol intake has a detrimental effect on fertilization rates.