What are the dangers of periodontal disease?

Periodontal disease not only causes the loss of teeth “laid off”, but also causes great harm to other organs of our body. Did you know that periodontal disease is closely related to cardiovascular disease, pneumonia, gastritis, gastric ulcer and other diseases, so it can be called “disaster to the whole body”, and pregnant women with severe periodontal disease can also affect the fetus, leading to premature birth. (A large number of studies have confirmed that periodontal infection may be a risk factor for hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. In periodontal disease, bacteria in plaque can produce large amounts of endotoxin and activate lymphocytes to produce large amounts of inflammatory factors, which can enter the blood circulation from local tissues and blood vessels, eroding the endothelium of blood vessels and scarring the endothelium, causing cholesterol to adhere to and deposit on the walls of blood vessels and inducing the development of atherosclerosis. Periodontal disease has become an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction) and stroke attacks, and the incidence of fatal heart disease is twice as high in patients with periodontal disease as in those with non-periodontal disease, and the incidence of stroke is three times higher. (b) Causes pneumonia The most common route of infection for bacterial pneumonia is aspiration of the contents of the oropharynx. A large number of pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavity are often inhaled into the lungs during deep sleep along with saliva, sputum, and food residues, causing aspiration pneumonia. Pneumonia suffered by the elderly is closely related to periodontal disease. Studies have shown that people with poor oral hygiene are prone to periodontal disease, and their chances of developing chronic lung infections and reduced lung function are two times higher than those with good oral hygiene. (iii) It affects the fetus and causes preterm birth. Preterm birth causes low body mass babies, and low body mass babies (body mass <2500g) have become an important public health problem in both developed and developing countries, which has attracted extensive attention from many researchers at home and abroad. A case-control study conducted by American scholars offenbacher et al. in 1996 on 124 pregnant women reported that the risk of preterm delivery and low birth weight babies in pregnant women with severe periodontitis was 7.5 times higher than that in pregnant women with normal periodontal period compared to those with healthy periodontal period. (iv) "Hotbed" of H. pylori bacteria H. pylori is the causative agent of digestive tract diseases such as chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer and even gastric cancer. In recent years, researchers have detected H. pylori in dental plaque and saliva, and the detection rate of H. pylori in plaque was higher in patients with periodontal disease than in healthy periodontists. It was found that periodontal lesions have the potential to increase H. pylori infection, and the increase in the latter can lead to chronic gastritis, gastric ulcers and gastric cancer development. (v) Diabetes mellitus There is a bidirectional association between periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus. In recent years, given the high prevalence of diabetes and chronic periodontitis in the same patients, periodontitis has been classified as the sixth complication of diabetes. Studies have shown that periodontitis is closely associated with diabetes and obesity, and individuals with obesity or with metabolic syndrome are at greatly increased risk of developing periodontitis. After a long-term epidemiological survey, scholars have found that the incidence of chronic periodontitis is significantly higher in diabetic patients, with the incidence of chronic periodontitis in type 2 diabetics being about three times higher than in non-diabetics. It has also been shown that periodontitis may be an important factor in the development of insulin resistance and poor glycemic control in patients with periodontal disease. Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated that diabetic patients who receive periodontal treatment have a relatively reduced insulin requirement. (vi) Others Periodontal tissues with inflammation can act as foci of infection and may become reservoirs of bacteria, bacterial products, as well as inflammatory and immune mediators, interacting with organs and systems far from the oral cavity, providing sources of infection and inducing or aggravating certain systemic diseases, such as rheumatic or rheumatoid arthritis, glomerulonephritis, iridocyclitis, etc. These facts are a wake-up call to us: periodontal health is essential for good health.