The latter occurs after rectal resection and is also known as anterior resection syndrome; anterior resection syndrome refers to various abnormalities of anal control associated with anterior resection surgery for rectal cancer, which manifests as a sense of urgency to defecate and increased frequency of defecation. It is often accompanied by varying degrees of fecal incontinence. Most cases of low rectal surgery can present with the same degree of abnormal control function. Nearly 40% of them have a poor quality of life. There is a lack of effective treatment for anterior resection syndrome. Series of studies have confirmed the presence of physiological abnormalities after low anterior resection surgery, but the exact mechanism of anterior resection syndrome is not fully understood. Factors affecting the occurrence and severity of anterior resection syndrome: 1. The length of the rectal stump determines postoperative function, and the incidence is high in those with an anastomosis within 4 cm of the anal verge. 2, Patients with anastomotic leakage have significantly poor anal function, which is associated with anastomotic site infection and pelvic fibrosis. 3, Those who underwent adjuvant radiotherapy were more likely to develop, or had more severe symptoms. 4.Sphincter function and sphincter injury before surgery. Those with poor sphincter function before surgery are prone to severe anterior resection syndrome after surgery. For example, the damage to sphincter muscle caused by anal dilation, anal hook pulling and anastomosis, and the damage to sphincter muscle during rectal freeing. 5.Disorder of urinary function after rectal cancer surgery: that is, urinary retention of the bladder, which is caused by the damage to the parasympathetic nerve of the pelvic wall when pelvic clearance is performed after radical rectal cancer surgery. This kind of urinary retention is neurogenic, manifested as relaxation of the forced urinary muscles, loss of bladder contraction and bladder expansion sensation, treatment can be compensatory training of the bladder with indwelling urinary catheter and control of urinary tract infection with drugs. 6.Sexual dysfunction After rectal cancer resection, about 30% of patients have sexual dysfunction, which is caused by damage to the infra-abdominal plexus, i.e. sympathetic plexus, during surgery. Some patients can recover within six months to one year. Taking Chinese herbal medicine treatment can help a lot to restore sexual function. 7, intestinal motor dysfunction: increased number of stools, mostly seen in patients with colectomy. Constipation is often caused by the destruction of the coordinated solid transport function of the colon after sigmoidectomy. After low rectal resection anastomosis, there are often changes in bowel function, such as increased stool frequency and incontinence, etc. This group of syndromes is mainly treated with some symptomatic drugs or changing part of the diet and oral Chinese medicine. Most of them can be recovered in about 3 months. During the anus-preserving surgery for low rectal cancer, the rectal potbelly and part of the sigmoid colon were removed, and the local nerves were damaged, which affected the storage and excretion of stool, resulting in frequent stools and thick and heavy lining. Generally, it will slowly improve in 6 to 12 months, but there are a few people who will not improve on their own for a long time.