The other day a couple of parents came to the clinic with their child, who is just over one year old. The mother was diagnosed with syphilis just one day before delivery and the child was born with congenital syphilis. At this examination, the serum RPR ratio was already 1:256, and he was immediately treated for syphilis. Listening to the child crying in pain from the injection at the nurses’ station (penicillin treatment for syphilis is very painful), the child’s parents were filled with guilt and felt sorry for him, so they came in and locked the door and knelt down, begging me to make sure the child was cured. I can especially understand the parents’ feelings, not to say that parents will have any plans for their children’s future life, but happy and healthy must be the most basic, the most primitive hope. At the same time, I feel sorry that syphilis can be treated in early pregnancy to stop mother-to-child transmission. The mother, who was in a rural area, did not pay much attention to pre-conception checkups, thinking that her parents’ generation had not been tested for children, and that they all had healthy babies one or two at a time, and that there was too little access to medical knowledge, which caused her child to suffer. In big cities, there are many ways to receive information and it is fast, so it is easy to popularize health medicine. With this outpatient case, I will tell you more about what to do if you find out you have syphilis after pregnancy. Syphilis is a chronic infectious disease caused by the syphilis spirochete, with complex clinical manifestations that can invade almost all organs of the body and cause multi-organ damage. The incidence of syphilis in pregnancy is 2 to 5 per 1,000 in most areas. Syphilis is harmful to pregnant women and fetuses 1. Syphilis is harmful to both pregnant women and fetuses, and syphilis spirochetes can infect the fetus through the placenta. From the second week of pregnancy, syphilis spirochetes can infect the fetus and cause miscarriage. After 16 to 20 weeks of gestation, syphilis spirochetes can spread to all organs of the fetus through the infected placenta, causing stillbirth, stillbirth or premature birth. 2, syphilis, if untreated, can lead to spontaneous abortion or stillbirth (17%-46%), preterm birth or low birth mass (25%), neonatal death (12%-35%) or infant infection (21%-33%), and the incidence of adverse perinatal outcomes is 36%-81%. In foreign studies, standardized treatment of syphilis in pregnancy can prevent congenital syphilis in 94% of newborns after treatment of stage II syphilis, and prevent congenital syphilis in 99% of newborns after treatment of stage I syphilis and late latent syphilis, if treated within 20 weeks of gestation. In domestic studies, by timely diagnosis and treatment of syphilis in pregnancy, 99% of pregnant women can obtain healthy babies. In July 2001, Shenzhen took the lead in launching the mother-to-child transmission interruption program for syphilis in China, providing free syphilis screening for more than 640,000 pregnant women and providing standardized treatment for patients, and so far about 3,000 cases of syphilis have been found, with a prevalence rate of nearly 0.5%. However, due to the lack of such screening and treatment in many areas of the country, the number of fetal syphilis cases nationwide is increasing at an average rate of over 70% per year for the past 15 years. In fact having syphilis, conceiving without treatment, or having syphilis during pregnancy, syphilis not only affects the health of the pregnant woman, but also poses a direct risk to the fetus. In order to protect the health of the mother and the fetus, pregnant women are required to undergo a syphilis serological test during the early pregnancy checkup, and if syphilis is confirmed, it should be treated immediately. Therefore, mothers-to-be who are preparing to get pregnant, if they have syphilis, must be treated first and wait for the treatment before getting pregnant. For mothers who cannot detect syphilis infection in time during early pregnancy, they should treat the infection immediately regardless of when it is detected during pregnancy and try to cure the infected fetus before delivery.