Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep, causing apnea or hypoventilation with chronic intermittent hypoxemia and carbonic disc disease, which leads to pathophysiological changes in multiple systems and organs of the body. Seriously endanger the health and quality of life of patients. Studies have confirmed that abnormal function of upper airway dilator muscles is closely related to the development of OSAHS. When the activity of these muscles is normal, the airway remains open, but a partial or complete decrease in muscle activity will lead to narrowing or even complete collapse of the airway. Therefore, the upper airway dilator muscles are the key to the study of OSAHS pathogenesis and rational treatment. Previous studies have shown that OSAHS is predominantly male, with a significant increase in prevalence in postmenopausal women and a decrease in prevalence after estrogen replacement therapy. In addition, estrogen has been shown to reduce airway collapsibility in adult males during waking and sleeping states. These suggest that estrogen does play a protective role in the development of OSAHS. The chin-lingual muscle is known as the “safety muscle” of the upper airway because of its important anatomical location and function, and its contraction plays an important role in maintaining upper airway stability during sleep. In this paper, we refer to the period from the first menstruation to the regular menstruation before menopause, excluding the menopause when menstruation is irregular. Since the ovaries of women of childbearing age secrete estradiol regularly, the study of the structure of the pharynx during sleep in rats showed that the muscle at the base of the tongue, the chin-lingual muscle, is a protective muscle against snoring and upper airway obstruction during sleep. The results of sleep monitoring cases in our hospital from June 2003-January 2013, which included 117 cases of women of reproductive age with regular menstruation, are shown in the table: Age 38.2±9.2 AHI 4.47±3.58 Minimum SaO2 (%) 90.4±2.71 Sleep efficiency (%) 84.3±7.74 AI 1.1±0.85 (AHI: hourly upper during sleep airway obstruction + hypoventilation events occurring on average; minimum SaO2: minimum oxygen saturation during sleep; sleep efficiency: (S1-S4 sleep time + REM sleep time)/total sleep time; average number of upper airway obstruction events per hour during sleep) Thus, women of childbearing age have the protective effect of estradiol and snore during sleep, even snore louder, but after population sleep monitoring actually monitoring, the positive rate is low, and the value of performing this monitoring is not high, but there are exceptions, such as those with craniofacial congenital developmental anomalies, small jaw deformities, abnormal tonsillar hypertrophy, neuromuscular diseases and central nervous system diseases that cause snoring, and those with ESS sleepiness score of 6 or more, they should routinely undergo polysomnographic monitoring side to avoid missing the diagnosis.