Hippocampal anatomy: Hippocampal formation (HF) is an important structure in the limbic system of the brain and is related to learning, memory, and cognitive functions, especially short-term memory and spatial memory. Clinical manifestations of hippocampal lesions: most of them have epilepsy as the first symptom. Common hippocampal lesions: Common diseases in the hippocampal region include glioma; cavernous hemangioma; hippocampal sclerosis; hippocampal cortical dysplasia and atypical hyperplasia, traumatic scars and softening foci. Surgical treatment: Trans-lateral temporal lobe cortical approach: the classical standard resection cortical incision is 6 cm posterior to the temporal pole on the non-dominant side and 4.5 cm on the dominant side; selective hippocampal amygdala resection via the lateral fissure approach; transinsular-transventricular fissure approach.