Cramps can be caused by disease factors such as febrile convulsions, epilepsy, tetanus and low calcium, or they can occur with overwork or excessive physical exhaustion. If cramps occur frequently, it is important to seek medical attention for diagnosis. Usually tetanus cramps start in the face first and come on a few days after the trauma; febrile convulsions are mostly seen in children and tend to come on after a high fever.
Epilepsy, low calcium and low potassium are identified at the hospital with appropriate EEG and blood electrolyte tests.