In fact, for the general public, most of the diseases we can not detect in advance, only when the disease occurs we know we have a disease, but we do not know which disease we have, so only by receiving professional examination we can know the disease we are suffering from, for proteinuria is such, we have to receive professional examination to know if we are suffering from proteinuria. 1. Medical history Depending on the cause of proteinuria, the medical history should be focused, such as the history of edema, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, allergic violet epilepsy, kidney-damaging drugs, heavy metal salt poisoning, connective tissue diseases, metabolic diseases and gout attacks. 2. Physical examination Pay attention to edema and plasma cavity fluid, bone and joint examination, degree of anemia and examination of heart, liver and kidney signs. Fundus examination, normal or mild vasospasm in the fundus of acute nephritis, arteriosclerosis, hemorrhage and exudation in the fundus of chronic nephritis, and diabetic fundus often appear in diabetic nephropathy. 3. Laboratory tests (1) Qualitative tests: preferably morning urine, which is the most concentrated and can exclude somatotropic proteinuria. Qualitative examination is only a screening test, the amount of urine protein in a daily urine volume of 2000ml qualitative ” ‘ is more than that in a urine volume of 400ml qualitative ” ‘, so it is not used as an accurate indicator of urine protein content. The diagnosis of kidney disease, the observation of the condition, and the determination of the efficacy should be based on urine protein quantification. (2) quantitative urine protein test: there are more methods, including Pap method, double shrink guinea method, phosphotungstic acid method, read acid one, iron trichloride method, etc. The double shrink guinea method is the most accurate and most commonly used. 24h urine protein below 1g glomerular disease chances are low, common causes pyelonephritis, nephrosclerosis, urinary tract obstruction, urinary tract tumors and stones, etc. The most common cause of urine protein 1~3g is primary or secondary glomerular disease. 24h urine protein quantification above 3.5g is seen in primary or secondary nephrotic syndrome. 4. urine egg from the special examination commonly used urine protein electrophoresis examination, can distinguish selective proteinuria and non-selective proteinuria. The urine protein electrophoresis examination of multiple myeloma is helpful for typing, which can be divided into the following five types: chat. IgG, IgA, IgE, IgD types. Urine radioimmunoassay is a method of urine protein characterization. When urine is routinely negative, radioimmunoassay can show positive, and its disadvantage is high false positive rate. Urine β2-m g determination by radioimmunoassay is more helpful in the diagnosis of early renal tubular impairment. Although we don’t need to know much about the methods to check proteinuria, we need to know that there are some of these tests, so that when we check proteinuria, we won’t be confused, and we will at least know which test to perform below and how to prepare ourselves.