The human eye refracts external light through the cornea and lens to focus on the retina at the base of the eye, so that the human eye can see objects at different distances, this refraction of light is called refraction, when the human eye refractive ability is not perfect is called refractive error, including myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism.
1. How is myopia formed?
The causes of myopia are mainly genetic and environmental. Genetics is one of the major causes of myopia, and excessive eye use at close range is a major environmental factor. Genetic and environmental factors play different roles in different types of myopia. For simple myopia, genetic and environmental factors play about half of the role, with genetic factors slightly greater than environmental factors; pathological myopia has a greater genetic component.
2. What can be done to prevent the development of myopia or cure myopia?
Since the specific mechanism of myopia pathogenesis is not clear, it is impossible to establish effective prevention and control measures for the pathogenesis, and there is no good method to prevent myopia development or cure myopia. The existing methods are only to compensate and correct the refraction of the eye not as wearing corrective glasses and laser surgery treatment, etc. However, we should not give up the active prevention and treatment of myopia, starting from the environmental factors closely related to myopia, paying attention to eye hygiene, actively improving the eye environment and eye nutrition, and reducing visual fatigue, of which the following points are worth noting.
①Cultivate good reading and writing habits and maintain proper posture, keep your eyes at a distance of at least 25-30 cm from the book, do not read in a sports car, and take a 5-minute break for every half hour of continuous reading (it is best to take a break with eyes closed);
② Reduce the burden of study, avoid long hours of reading, writing, Internet, typing, watching TV, playing video games, staying up late, etc., to maintain adequate sleep, when using the computer should blink more eyes or every half an hour to close the eyes for a few minutes;
③Improve the visual environment, such as appropriate lighting (not too dark and not too bright), improve the contrast of the eyes, increase the size of the object being viewed, reduce the details of the object being viewed and stroboscopic changes, etc;
④Improve physical fitness and strengthen physical exercise;
⑤ Pay attention to nutrition, eat more fruits and vegetables rich in vitamin A and vitamin C, etc;
⑥Do regular vision checkups and go to regular hospitals for examination.
3.Why do children need dilated eye examinations?
The so-called “dilated optometry” is medically known as ciliary muscle paralysis optometry. Children’s eyes are highly adjustable, so without dilating the pupil, errors can easily occur.
4. Is astigmatism harmful to my eyes?
No. There is no harm to the eyes from astigmatism. The effect of the dilator is to paralyze the ciliary muscle and dilate the pupil, resulting in photophobia and blurred vision. Rapid dilators wear off in 6 to 8 hours and the pupil returns to its original state. Slow dilators, or atropine, may take 2 to 3 weeks to wear off. A small number of people who use atropine for pupil dilatation may experience symptoms such as redness, dry mouth, dizziness, and panic. Pupil dilators are contraindicated in people with glaucoma or a tendency to elevated intraocular pressure.
5. Which children need atropine for pupil dilatation?
The pupil is dilated with 1% atropine to remove the maximum amount of eye accommodation. Children with amblyopia due to farsightedness or astigmatism, or children with malpositioned eyes, or children with myopia whose vision is poorly corrected by rapid pupil dilatation should generally have their pupils dilated with atropine.
6, wear myopic glasses will get deeper?
Myopia develops as people grow and develop, and when development stops (after the age of 18) the eye generally stops developing, and myopia also stops developing, but individual high myopia may still develop after the age of 18. Therefore, the formation and development of myopia is a kind of excessive development of the eye and the performance of too much near eye use, for school-age children myopia regardless of whether to wear myopia corrective glasses, myopia is likely to develop. So from the surface is wearing myopia glasses after myopia degree deepening, but in fact is the result of eye development.
7, is it good to wear glasses often or not to wear them when you use them?
Myopia within 300 degrees without amblyopia can be worn in the state of far-sightedness, such as classes, watching TV, etc., in close reading and writing and sports can not wear glasses; if in more than 300 degrees should be worn often. If the difference between the two eyes is large, you should also wear them regularly. If you are farsighted, astigmatism, whether it is light, medium or high, you should wear them often, so that you can reduce the discomfort symptoms brought about by the adjustment.
8.Will wearing glasses often make my eyes deformed?
Wearing glasses can make the eyes deformed, this is only a contrast illusion, just through myopic lenses, the eyes look smaller, used to seeing the shape of the eyes when wearing glasses, once the glasses are removed, you will feel the eyes look changed, usually seen in highly myopic people with protruding eyes, is one of the characteristic manifestations of pathological myopia, its occurrence and aggravation, and whether or not often wear glasses, fitting accurate glasses will not damage The precise fitting of glasses will not damage the eyes, so there is no need to worry about it.
9. Do I need to review my glasses after prescription? How often is a review appropriate?
The refractive state of the eyes will change with age and physical development, children and adolescents generally need to review every 6 months, preschool children are best to review every three months, adults regularly review once a year, in order to understand the control of vision, early detection of the possibility of rapid development of refractive error, timely follow-up treatment or replacement of more appropriate glasses.
10.Why can’t I wear corneal contact lenses overnight?
Wearing corneal contact lenses overnight can lead to corneal hypoxia, while the conjunctival capsule of the tangible substances easily deposited on the contact lens affect the use of corneal contact lenses; resulting in corneal peripheral neovascularization, corneal edema, epithelial cell damage, etc., while easily causing inflammation. Therefore, corneal contact lenses should not be worn overnight.