As the saying goes, “When the patient is dizzy, the doctor is dizzy”, vertigo is one of the common clinical symptoms. Among outpatients, it is ranked as the second or third most common disease. In clinical work, because the cause of vertigo is often difficult to define, the diagnosis and treatment are extremely disorganized, and it is extremely closely related to otorhinolaryngology, internal medicine, orthopedics, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, and psychiatry. About two-thirds of these patients are associated with ear diseases. Vertigo is a complex group of symptoms arising from dysfunction of the balance system (vestibular system, vision, proprioception), in which the vestibular system plays an important role in maintaining balance. Classified by the site and cause of the lesion, vertigo can be divided into vestibular vertigo and non-vestibular vertigo. The former is a disease closely related to otorhinolaryngology; the latter mainly includes ocular vertigo, cervical vertigo, vertigo caused by circulatory system diseases, hematologic, endocrine and metabolic diseases, and psychogenic vertigo. Here, let’s learn about vestibular vertigo together. Vestibular vertigo is divided into peripheral vertigo and central vertigo. The human inner ear consists of the cochlea, vestibule and semicircular canal. The cochlea is an auditory organ, which is like the microphone part of a telephone, converting external sound signals into electrical signals and transmitting them to the brain; while the vestibule and the semicircular canal are organs of balance, which have the same principle as the cochlea, except that they convert bitonal signals into electrical signals and transmit them to the brain through the vestibular nucleus of the brainstem. A problem with any part of this pathway can cause vestibular vertigo. Diseases of the inner ear can affect the function of the vestibular sensory organs (vestibule and semicircular canal), and vertigo caused by disorders of the vestibular ganglion and vestibular nerve is called peripheral vertigo; vertigo caused by problems in the vestibular nucleus and above is called central vertigo.