1, give high vitamin (celery, leek, coarse grains, beans), high protein (meat, fish, dairy products), high calorie (milk, cake, eggs, sweets), low fat (fatty meat, egg yolk, brain) diet, avoid eating spicy, sweet and fatty products, so as not to increase the blood viscosity, aggravate the disease.
2, to provide patients with liquid or semi-liquid light diet, to prevent too hard, too salty and spicy stimulating food, so as not to damage and stimulate the oral mucosa.
3.Avoid drinking coffee, strong tea and other stimulating drinks before going to bed.
The diet of venous thrombosis should be given high vitamin, high protein, low fat, and avoid spicy and greasy food to avoid increasing the blood viscosity and aggravating the disease. The following are some recommended foods that are good for venous thrombosis.
1, shiitake mushrooms and fungus have been regarded as the best vegetarian food by our people since ancient times. Modern medicine has found that mushrooms and fungus have some special ingredients that have the effect of lowering blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol in a variety of experimental animals and humans. Wood fungus also has an anti-coagulant effect. Therefore, eating more mushrooms and fungus is good for preventing atherosclerosis.
2, Onion and garlic can make the experimental rabbits blood cholesterol and blood fibrinogen decrease, prolong the coagulation time and reduce the aortic lipid deposition. The effect is that garlic is superior to onion. Recently, an alkyl disulfide has been proposed from these two plants, which has a hypolipidemic effect on both humans and animals.
3, kelp, nori in addition to the rich iodine, magnesium and other beneficial elements, but also contains kombucha, brown algae starch and kombucha polysaccharide, etc., has been confirmed to have a significant hypolipidemic and anticoagulant effect, some of these components will also be used clinically to lower blood lipids and prevent atherosclerosis drugs.
4, tea contains a variety of vitamins and trace elements, but also contains tea polyphenols, alkaloids and other substances. Epidemiological and animal experiments have proved that tea has the effect of lowering blood cholesterol, lowering blood pressure and preventing atherosclerosis. Therefore, patients with coronary heart disease do benefit from drinking tea in moderation, but patients with insomnia and cardiac arrhythmia should avoid drinking strong tea.
Risk factors of thrombosis.
1. Regional factors: The incidence of thrombosis is significantly higher in areas north of the Yellow River than in areas south of the Yangtze River. This may be related to temperature, diet, water quality and other factors.
2. Gender and age factors: There is no major difference between men and women. Thrombosis can occur in any age group, but after all, there are more elderly people than young people.
Ethnicity and genetic factors: The level of coagulation factor VII in Far Easterners is much lower than that in Westerners of the same age, so the incidence of thrombosis is also lower than that in Westerners. There are 5% of thrombosis due to genetic defects, called hereditary thrombophilia, such as hereditary antithrombin deficiency, which occurs at the age of 10 to 25, and recurring, and can be inherited to offspring. In addition, after the same surgical procedure, patients with blood type A are prone to thrombosis, followed by type AB and B, and type O is less prone to thrombosis.
4, dietary factors: high-fat diet is an important factor in the formation of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, take measures to quit smoking and limit the intake of saturated fatty acids, can reduce the incidence of stroke by 57%, the mortality rate by 48, 8%.
5, smoking factors: some people concluded that 65% to 95% of patients with thrombo-occlusive vasculitis have a history of smoking, smoking more than 20 cigarettes a day, for more than 20 years, the incidence of thrombosis is several times higher than non-smokers of the same age.
6, pregnancy and contraceptive pill factors: It is reported that the incidence of pulmonary embolism in pregnancy is 5 times higher than that of non-pregnant women, and the thrombosis in the post-partum period is 6 times higher than that in the pre-partum period. The blood coagulability of pregnant women increases during pregnancy, and the anti-blood coagulation effect is weakened. If combined with obesity, pre-eclampsia, obstructed labor, postpartum sepsis, etc., the thrombosis is further promoted. Therefore, pregnant women must undergo prenatal checkups. Women who take contraceptives containing estrogen and progestin for a long time have a higher incidence of thrombosis. According to foreign statistics, the risk of venous thrombosis is 7-10 times higher, the risk of myocardial infarction is 3-4 times higher, and the incidence of cerebral thrombosis is 9 times higher in those who take the pills than in those who do not. The risk of myocardial infarction is 28, 5:2, 7:1 for those who take medication for a long time (>5 years) compared to those who take medication for a short time (<2 years), and the ratio of myocardial infarction for those who take medication at an older age (>40 years), those who take medication at a younger age (<40 years) and those who do not take medication in the same age group is 4 to 11 times higher. However, there are 20 million women of childbearing age taking oral contraceptives in China, and no cases of thrombosis have been reported, which may be related to ethnicity, region, diet and other factors. It is recommended to use more tubal ligation or contraceptive tools for contraception, which is especially important for women of reproductive age above middle age.
7, obesity factors: appropriate to increase activity, control diet and reduce weight, reduce blood lipids, blood sugar, blood pressure and blood viscosity, is important for the prevention of thrombosis.
8, body position and activity factors: people who have been in a certain position for a long time with little activity may be one of the factors of thrombosis. For example, drivers, editors, clerks, typists, etc., as well as police officers, machine tool workers, teachers and bedridden patients who stand all day long are prone to lower limb deep vein thrombosis due to slow blood flow and blood flow changes. Therefore, it is recommended to do some work (classroom) exercises, walking and limb exercises to increase blood circulation and prevent thrombosis, especially lower limb venous thrombosis.
9, trauma and surgery factors: serious trauma and patients after major surgery, prone to thrombosis or thromboembolism. It is reported that the incidence of deep vein thrombosis is 26% for large chest surgery
～The incidence of deep vein thrombosis is reported to be 26% to 65% for major thoracic surgery, 5% to 42% for major abdominal surgery, 37% to 74% for hip surgery, 28% to 50% for prostate surgery, and 11% to 29% for major gynecological surgery. Therefore, patients after surgery should get up as early as possible, early activity, drink more water, cough more sputum, do not curl up in bed all day.
10, disease factors: common diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute respiratory distress syndrome, bronchial asthma, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, unstable angina, myocardial infarction, diabetes, infectious diseases, rheumatic diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, antiphospholipid syndrome, oral contraceptives, glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, late pregnancy, gestational hypertensive syndrome, atherosclerosis sclerosis, true erythrocytosis, venous thrombosis, pulmonary infarction, malignancy, surgical trauma, organ transplantation, idiopathic violent deafness, and hereditary thrombophilia. For the above diseases, the primary disease and thrombosis are causal, however, thrombosis is a malignant factor contributing to the development of the primary disease, therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the examination of the pre-thrombotic state and give early antithrombotic drugs for prevention and treatment.