Muscle fiber tremor is a condition of progressive spinal muscular atrophy. Muscle fiber tremor is a small, rapid or peristaltic-like tremor within a few centimeters of the muscle belly of a muscle. It is a continuous fluctuating undulation of the muscle group, caused by continuous spontaneous contraction of the motor unit. So how do you treat and prevent muscle fiber tremors caused by progressive spinal muscular atrophy? The prenatal diagnosis of SMA was carried out with the advancement of SMA genetic research. The advantage of this method is that prenatal diagnosis can be made even in family lines where no specimens of prior witnesses have been obtained. If necessary, the pregnancy should be terminated. The main focus is to prevent or treat various complications of SMA, prevent pulmonary infections and decubitus ulcers, malnutrition, skeletal deformities, mobility disorders and psychosocial problems, and if accompanied by respiratory insufficiency an artificial respirator is needed to ensure airway patency and improve respiratory function. Prolonged bed rest can cause cratering; misaspiration can also cause pneumonia. Effective measures to prevent pneumonia include assisted coughing, chest percussion therapy and intermittent positive pressure ventilation. Even in the absence of acute respiratory infection, patients need to maintain good pulmonary ventilation to prevent the occurrence of progressive pulmonary atelectasis. Once the effective lung volume (FVC) decreases, the risk of pneumonia increases even if there is no significant change in muscle strength of the limbs or trunk. Patients often suffer from malnutrition and growth disturbances due to weak sucking, poor airway or easy fatigue. In children, negative nitrogen balance can lead to increased muscle weakness and fatigue, especially in infants. The mechanism of this phenomenon has not yet been elucidated. Chronic malnutrition occurs in some patients, as evidenced by easy fatigue and decreased reserves; some patients suffer from organic aciduria due to inadequate nutritional intake; therefore, a professional dietitian is needed to provide feeding instructions, adjust feeding regimen, feeding posture, and food structure to maximize caloric intake. Some patients who cannot consume enough calories orally need to be fed nasally. In addition, some patients become constipated due to mobility problems, but constipation can be reduced by increasing fluid and fiber intake. Scoliosis is the most severe skeletal deformity in SMA, and patients who cannot walk develop spinal deformities earlier, most of which are located in the thoracolumbar region. Spinal correction often does not prevent or delay scoliosis, but can help patients sit up. The patient’s pulmonary function should be monitored with or without spinal correction. The timing of spinal surgery is critical, as the child must be allowed to grow sufficiently and wait until the curvature is severe and only relatively normal pulmonary function is expected. To prevent loss of strength or function after spinal fusion and to prevent respiratory complications, aggressive preoperative and postoperative physical therapy is required. After spinal fusion, the degree of scoliosis will be significantly improved, as well as lung capacity, sitting, balance, and comfort. Deformed feet are a manifestation of infantile SMA, but are less common and generally do not require surgical correction. Other more common deformities are flexion contractures due to mobility impairments that rapidly involve the hip, knee, and ankle, which can be prevented with proper exercise. Long-term adherence to daily exercise is required. Gene therapy or in vitro gene activation therapy would be very promising treatments.