Clinically, trigeminal neuralgia and facial spasm are both primary cranial nerve disorders that are caused by the compression of nerves by intracranial blood vessels. Because the blood vessels are in close proximity to the nerves, the beating of the vessels repeatedly stimulates and “knocks” the nerves, causing abnormal excitation of the nuclei, resulting in pain or abnormal movements. Trigeminal neuralgia and facial muscle spasm have similarities but also have differences. Similarities: 1. Both are common in middle-aged and elderly patients, with more female patients than male. 2. 2, the onset of the site is located in the cheek. 3, both have the characteristics of recurrent attacks. Differences: The trigeminal nerve is a sensory nerve, so damage to the trigeminal nerve manifests as severe pain; the facial nerve is a motor nerve, and damage manifests as involuntary movement. Treatment of trigeminal neuralgia and facial spasm: non-surgical treatment: facial spasm: drugs (carbamazepine); botulinum toxin injection (effective for 3-6 months, repeated injections are needed, but facial paralysis complications can occur). Trigeminal neuralgia is treated with more common drugs (carbamazepine, methylcobalamin); gamma knife, nerve block, balloon compression compared to facial spasm. Although the above treatments can be effective, the efficacy decreases over time and complications can occur. If the responsible vessels and nerves can be isolated and the compression completely lifted, then a cure can be achieved, which can be done with microvascular decompression surgery. Microvascular decompression surgery: Microvascular decompression surgery is used to treat trigeminal neuralgia by microscopically pushing away the blood vessels located at the root of the trigeminal nerve that are abnormal and cause compression to the trigeminal nerve, and fixing them with special materials so that the blood vessels do not touch the trigeminal nerve, thus releasing its compression and restoring the normal function of the trigeminal nerve, so that the symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia can be completely eliminated. The whole operation is done under a microscope, which ensures the delicacy and safety of the operation.