Coronary stenosis leading to myocardial ischemia often results in ischemia of its blood supplying papillary muscle, and as the degree of ischemia progresses, necrosis of the papillary muscle and tendon cords occurs, leading to rupture, resulting in mitral valve closure insufficiency, etc. The other part is a valvular disease caused by myocardial ischemia, resulting in enlarged left ventricle, enlarged mitral annulus, and relative insufficiency of mitral valve leaflet closure called valvular lesions due to ischemic heart disease. Infective endocarditis is caused by invasion of the endocardium by septic bacteria, fungi, rickettsial viruses, and animal parasites. Acute infective endocarditis often starts suddenly with high fever, chills, anemia and systemic toxicity, and most often invades the aortic valve. As the infecting pathogens multiply in the fibrin-platelet base, they can form special redundancies on the valve, and the valve can undergo acute necrosis, rupture, perforation, and tendon rupture leading to death from acute heart failure. In contrast, subacute infective endocarditis develops more slowly, and the course of infective endocarditis is more than 2 to 3 months, often resulting in inflammatory granulation tissue proliferation between the leaflet flab and the valve, fibrous tissue proliferation, thickening, necrosis, and ulcer formation on the valve, which can also penetrate the dilated Fossa sinus on the aortic valve to form a local rupture that can break into the pericardial cavity, right atrium, right ventricle, or left atrium. The large and brittle redundancies on the valve can be dislodged under the impact of blood flow and can cause embolism with the blood flow to all organs of the body, especially brain, kidney, and spleen embolism. After prosthetic valve replacement, because the prosthetic valve is a foreign body in the body, it can easily pass through the oral cavity, venous access, genitourinary infection, and bacteremia during and after surgery, leading to infective endocarditis. Early perivalvular leakage and perivalvular abscess changes may occur, and late perivalvular perforation, perivalvular tears, and superfluous changes may occur. Valve lesions due to degenerative disease, the connective tissue of the body due to degenerative changes, resulting in changes in the structure of the valve leaflets, tendons and annulus, resulting in leaflet calcification, relaxation, prolapse and valve lesions caused by degenerative valve disease is called degenerative valve disease.