Trigeminal neuralgia is a common disease characterized by recurrent facial pain, which is more common in middle-aged and elderly people and is commonly known as the “number one pain in the world”. The cause of trigeminal neuralgia is intracranial vascular compression of the trigeminal nerve in the majority of patients, while a small number of patients may suffer from intracranial tumors, cerebrovascular disease, and other factors. Many patients may mistake trigeminal neuralgia for toothache, thus delaying treatment! ”One of the most important differences between trigeminal neuralgia and toothache is that the duration and intensity of the pain is different; trigeminal neuralgia is a sudden pain of electric shock, while toothache is a continuous pain.” Characteristics of trigeminal neuralgia symptoms 1. location of pain: the pain is located in the distribution area of the trigeminal nerve and is often confined to one side of the face. 2, nature of pain: the pain is needle-like, electric shock-like, knife-like or tear-like pain, paroxysmal attacks, each pain lasts for a few seconds to a few minutes, with intervals exactly the same as normal, and as the disease progresses, the patient’s symptoms gradually worsen and the pain time gradually lengthens. Triggers and trigger points: Washing, brushing, eating and talking can often cause trigeminal neuralgia attacks, and sometimes patients touching the nasal area, jaw, gums and lips can also trigger pain attacks, these sensitive areas are called “trigger points” or “trigger points”. 4. Vascular-vegetative symptoms: sometimes accompanied by facial redness, increased skin temperature, conjunctival congestion, tearing, increased salivation, nasal mucosa congestion, and runny nose. There are several ways to treat trigeminal neuralgia. Most patients can take some medicine, such as carbamazepine, phenytoin sodium, which reduce the electrical excitability of the nerve, and if the medicine can not control it, surgery should be considered. For patients with trigeminal neuralgia who are poorly treated with medication, microvascular decompression is currently considered a good treatment modality; microvascular decompression is performed under a microscope or endoscope to open the blood vessels compressing the trigeminal nerve in a minimally invasive way to treat trigeminal neuralgia from its etiology. At the same time, it is guided by electrophysiological monitoring means during the operation to reduce the risk of surgery, which is a more recommended surgical method with good treatment effect and low recurrence rate; the efficiency can reach more than 98%.