Herpetiform aspergillosis occurs in the elderly and manifests clinically as blisters and blisters with tense walls, occurring on normal skin or erythema, most commonly on the extremities and back, but can also spread throughout the body. It is accompanied by significant pruritus. The disease is an autoimmune disease, most of which has an unknown cause and is chronic and prone to recurrent attacks. The blisters may not be obvious at the beginning of the disease, but may appear as pruritic erythema, papules, and vesicles, and may be misdiagnosed as other skin diseases such as eczema. Diagnosis is based on clinical manifestations combined with histopathological and immunopathological examinations, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is also helpful. Patients are often treated with glucocorticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs, and the dosage is gradually reduced under medical supervision after the disease is controlled. Changes in blood glucose, blood pressure, electrolytes, and bone density need to be closely monitored while using hormones. When using cyclophosphamide, azathioprine and other drugs, it is especially important to check the blood routine, liver and kidney function regularly. In some patients with milder disease, the application of tetracycline or minomycin combined with nicotinamide is effective. Glucocorticoids can cause side effects such as peptic ulcers, hypertension and hyperglycemia, so patients applying glucocorticoids need a low-fat, low-salt, low-sugar, high-protein diet and avoid foods that stimulate the gastrointestinal tract, such as foods that are too hard, too salty, spicy and indigestible, and do not drink alcohol. Those with oral cavity erosion choose soft or semi-liquid food, the temperature should be appropriate, not too hot. The diet should ensure sufficient protein and other nutrients. Blindly avoiding food is not good for the recovery of herpetiform aspergillosis. The disease requires regular outpatient follow-up, and the doctor adjusts the dosage and type of medication according to the condition for long-term treatment; patients should avoid reducing and stopping medication on their own.