Clinically, many children present with nocturnal sleep snoring, open-mouth breathing, recurrent episodes of tonsillitis, and episodes of secretory otitis media. Examination of the child often reveals adenoid hypertrophy or tonsillar enlargement. Surgery is the best treatment option for this type of child. Many parents believe that removing the tonsils or adenoids in childhood will lower the child’s immune system, but often overlook the fact that the disease itself is far more harmful to the child than the lowered immune system. First, it is important to understand the role of the tonsils and adenoids in the immune system. Both adenoids and tonsils are part of the inner ring system of the lymphatic ring of the pharynx, which is mainly used by the pharynx to resist external infectious invasion. After their removal, symptoms of pharyngitis and upper respiratory tract infections may occur, but in the long term the child will compensate for them on their own. Again, let’s properly understand the effects of chronic tonsillitis, tonsillar hypertrophy, and adenoid hypertrophy on children. Recurrent attacks of chronic tonsillitis may lead to endocarditis, arthritis, and glomerulonephritis (the most common) in children; enlarged tonsils or adenoids, which lead to lack of oxygen at night and open-mouth breathing in children can affect their intellectual development, facial bone development (formation of adenoid face), and cause damage to the cardiovascular system. It is accompanied by secretory otitis media, which can affect the child’s hearing. It seems pretty obvious which is more important. However, whether a child needs surgery or not is something that needs to be determined by an ENT surgeon based on the specific circumstances of the child. A simple way to determine what kind of child needs surgery is as follows: 1. The tonsils are too large, affecting the child’s breathing, eating and pronunciation. If a child snores at night with breath-holding, speaks in a slurred manner, or cannot eat large pieces of food, tonsillectomy can be considered. 2, repeated pain in the throat or repeated fever, if more than four or five times a year can be considered to perform tonsillectomy. Sometimes the sore throat is not caused by inflammation of the tonsils, but by other reasons, and cutting the tonsils will not solve the problem. Some children with recurrent coughs are not caused by the tonsils and usually do not need to have their tonsils removed. 3. Complications, such as secretory otitis media, may arise. Children mostly complain of stuffy ears, hearing loss, and watching TV with the sound turned up. Any of the above criteria should be treated surgically parents need to be aware that they must find a good hospital. Because the risk of surgery for children is relatively more than that of adults, especially anesthesia, a hospital with good equipment and hard technology can reduce the risk of surgery by a large margin.