Mr. Shen has been suffering from severe thyroid-related proptosis for 40 years, with his two eyeballs protruding like light bulbs, and he has been going to major hospitals in Beijing,…
There are two main types of trigonoscopes used in clinical practice, one is the ordinary trigonoscope and the other is the laminated trigonoscope, which is made into a membrane. The…
Abstract: Orbital fibroblast (OF) cells express thyrotropin receptor (TSHR), insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) and immunomodulatory molecules, and some of them can produce hyaluronic acid (GAG), inflammatory mediators and autoantibodies…
Graves’ ophthalmopathy is the most common extra-thyroidal manifestation of Graves’ disease and is characterized by an inflammatory response of the orbital tissues, that is, an increase in the amount of…
For 7 years, the young girl always had “angry eyes”, and she was distressed by the fact that she had to go around to seek medical help. Recently, Dr. Wu…