Treatment of common peroneal vein thrombosis depends on the patient’s specific condition. Most patients are treated conservatively, while a few severe cases require surgery. Common peroneal vein thrombosis is a relatively common lower extremity calf thrombosis, belonging to isolated deep vein thrombosis. It is characterized by rapid onset, but most of the symptoms are not obvious, and some patients may have symptoms such as swelling and soreness of the lower limbs. 1. For patients detected in early stage, anticoagulation therapy is mainly adopted, and the drugs are mostly oral anticoagulants such as rivaroxaban, which usually takes about 6 months. At the same time of anticoagulation, thrombolytic therapy should also be given, and the drugs for thrombolytic therapy in clinical practice include urokinase or streptokinase. In the acute stage, patients should absolutely rest in bed and limit the activities of the affected limbs. 2. If the common peroneal vein thrombosis and iliopsoas vein and other central thrombosis, interventional surgery or catheter thrombolysis should be considered to relieve the embolism. Very few patients need surgery to remove the thrombus. When the patient has a common peroneal vein thrombosis, he should go to the hospital and take medication under the guidance of the doctor.