Anal cysts are cystic neoplastic lesions in and around the anus. In the early stages of development, there are usually no obvious symptoms, and as the cysts increase in size, the patient may experience symptoms such as anal swelling and a sensation of anal swelling. Anal cysts are a rare clinical condition, and their onset may be related to trauma, sebaceous gland duct obstruction, or congenital developmental abnormalities. In most cases, it is a benign lesion, and some patients have no obvious discomfort symptoms at the beginning of the disease. With the development of the disease, the cysts are increasing in size, and symptoms such as anal swelling, anal distension, and anal distension may occur. When perianal cysts combined with infection can be accompanied by anal redness, swelling, pus, pain, elevated body temperature and other conditions. It is recommended that patients seek timely medical examination, according to the condition of surgical resection treatment, for patients with combined infection, can follow the doctor’s instructions to take antibiotics, such as metronidazole, ofloxacin, etc. for anti-infection treatment, pay attention to the life of the postoperative care, develop good living habits, regular review, and so on.