The treatment of bronchiectasis with chest tightness includes keeping the airway open, actively controlling the infection, managing the complication of hemoptysis, and surgical treatment.
1. Keeping the airway open
(1) Postural drainage: elevate the position of the affected lung so that the opening of the drainage bronchus is downward (the patient is in a sitting position), so that the sputum can be discharged through coughing.
(2) Expectorants: help to thin out the sticky sputum and facilitate the patient to cough out the sputum. Commonly used, such as bromhexine, standardized extract of myrtle family leaves, and fresh bamboo leech water.
(3) Fiberoptic bronchoscopy drainage and expectoration: it is suitable for patients who cannot expel sputum despite postural drainage.
(4) Bronchodilators: medication to help relieve airway spasm, such as oral aminophylline.
2. Active infection control: oral-based for milder cases, usually given broad-spectrum antibiotics, such as sulfamethoxazole/metronidazole, second-generation cephalosporins are also available, such as cefuroxime sodium.
3. Surgery: Surgical resection of the lungs is the only way to cure bronchiectasis, and the indications for surgery should be based on chest radiographs and pulmonary function tests. The indications are recurrent acute respiratory infections and drugs are not easy to control, the general condition is good, according to the scope of the lesion can do lobectomy. For repeated hemoptysis that cannot tolerate surgery, bronchial artery embolization is feasible to stop bleeding.
If you feel sick, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible, and the doctor should make individualized treatment plan according to the specific condition, so as not to delay the condition. The above medications should be used under the supervision of a physician.