The common sense of “hip and femoral pain”, “hip pain” and “thigh pain” is known as “hip pain” in medical terms. “Hip Pain There are many patients with “hip pain”, which is a nagging pain around the hip joint. The hip joint is deep and it is difficult for patients to describe the exact location of the pain. The pain is often felt in front of, to the side of, or behind the hip at the base of the thigh, but the exact point of pain cannot be touched with the hand. The pain is sometimes accompanied by popping and interlocking sensations, and there may also be a decrease in mobility such as hip extension and rotation. The causes of hip pain are numerous and vary greatly by age. Currently, for adult or adolescent hip pain, the clinical diagnosis is mostly focused on several aspects such as femoral head necrosis, synovitis, rheumatoid arthritis, or osteoarthritis. Some hip pain patients are often in the dilemma of seeking for medical help and waiting for the change of their condition with anxiety after the doctor made the suspected diagnosis of femoral head necrosis. There is no effective treatment for osteoarthritis, and once the disease is diagnosed, patients have to wait until the end of the disease to receive hip replacement. The other part of the disease that cannot be diagnosed is generally attributed to “synovitis”. From the following example of Miss Chen, we can have a general understanding of the clinical presentation and treatment dilemma of hip pain patients. Miss Chen, 32 years old, had right hip pain in recent years with no obvious cause, and the pain was relieved after rest, but there was always hidden pain in activities, especially when walking for a long time. When rising from a sitting position or turning over in a lying position, she often feels that her left hip is suddenly stuck in the deep part, or accompanied by a “clicking” sound. Miss Chen for the right hip pain, has gone to a number of hospitals, most doctors believe that there is no obvious lesions, a few doctors suspect femoral head necrosis. Miss Cao was deeply distressed that her condition could not be clearly diagnosed, and was worried about the possible existence of femoral head necrosis. With the advancement of arthroscopic technology and equipment, hip arthroscopic surgery has been developed, allowing doctors to diagnose and treat patients effectively through minimally invasive means. Hip arthroscopy has led to the recognition of another common condition of hip pain – “femoroacetabular impingement”. Anatomically, the normal hip joint consists of the acetabulum and the femoral head, similar to the relationship between a head and a hat. As you can imagine, if the inner edge of the hat is not smooth, it is bound to rub the head and cause pain and discomfort; and a child’s head grows up, so naturally it can no longer wear the previous hat. The so-called “femoroacetabular impingement” is due to the abnormal development of the hip joint, in the acetabular rim or the head of the femur appears extra bone, causing “hat” and “head” mismatch and excessive wear and tear The internal structure of the hip joint is damaged. If the glenoid labrum of the hip is damaged, it may cause clinical manifestations such as “interlocking” and “popping”. Long-term hip impingement can lead to “degeneration” of the hip joint, and severe degeneration may require “hip replacement” at a later stage. Therefore, “hip impingement” should be treated promptly. ”In addition to congenital anatomical abnormalities, most patients also have a history of acute and chronic joint injuries. Similar injuries are common in sports such as soccer, ice skating, skiing, and dancing. The main clinical symptoms are hip pain, a popping sound when changing hip positions, or a feeling of the joint suddenly getting stuck. The strength of the affected side of the hip decreases, and it is difficult to run rapidly or support one leg. In severe cases, the patient cannot even lie on his or her side. Since “hip and femoral impingement” is still a relatively new term in the orthopedic and sports medicine circles in China, it is difficult for hospitals lacking relevant experience to make a clear diagnosis, and therefore there are many misdiagnoses and mistreatments. The most common misdiagnosis is “femoral head necrosis”, “synovitis”, “sciatica”, “lumbar intervertebral disc herniation “etc. The advancement of hip arthroscopy not only helps to diagnose “femoroacetabular impingement”, but also makes its treatment easier. Arthroscopy is truly a minimally invasive surgical procedure in which a special tool is introduced into the joint cavity through only two to three 5-mm incisions. Under arthroscopic surveillance, the surgeon is able to effectively perform surgical steps such as cleaning the hip cavity, removing the bone fragments that cause impingement, repairing the damaged glenoid labrum, and promoting the repair of damaged articular cartilage. The operation is minimally invasive, and the patient recovers quickly after the operation and can walk on the ground with the aid of crutches at an early stage, generally without affecting the self-care of life. Because there is no damage to the relevant structures, there are few residual sequelae. The above-mentioned Ms. Chen is a typical case of “femoroacetabular impingement” combined with “glenoid labral injury”, and through hip arthroscopic surgery, only two small incisions were made to remove the redundant bones that caused the impingement. The pain, ringing and interlocking before the surgery disappeared. Ms. Chen was satisfied with the small surgical incision, early return to work and the obvious efficacy. In addition to the above-mentioned “femoroacetabular impingement”, arthroscopy can also deal with other intra-articular hip diseases, such as “free body”, “ligament injury”, “articular cartilage injury”, and “hip joint damage”. “Articular cartilage damage”, etc. It can even be used in the treatment of early to mid-stage femoral head necrosis, where the morphology of the femoral head and the quality of the articular cartilage can be determined arthroscopically, allowing for an adequate assessment of the disease and prognosis. Arthroscopic drilling and decompression of the femoral head is also an effective means of treating early femoral head necrosis.