Humans are the sole end-host and reservoir host of B. bancrofti. Malayan filarial parasites can also be found in mammals such as monkeys, cats and pangolins, which can act as primary reservoir hosts and may be a source of infection.
Filariasis is mainly transmitted through mosquito bites and is closely related to the type and frequency of infection, the main site of residence, the body’s immune response and secondary infection. The population is universally susceptible and there is no significant difference in the incidence between men and women.