Genetic counseling is also known as genetic negotiation, genetic advice or genetic guidance. It means that a specialized person engaged in medical genetics, a physician or a business worker in family planning will give advice and guidance to patients with genetic diseases and congenital malformations and their relatives on issues related to the cause of the disease, the mode of inheritance, the diagnosis, the prevention or prognosis of the disease, as well as the estimation of the risk of the development of the disease in compatriots and children, for the reference of the patients and their relatives. Genetic counseling is not an option for every prospective parent. Those who need genetic counseling are: (1) Couples or family members with certain hereditary diseases or congenital anomalies. (2) Couples who have had a child with a hereditary disease. (3) Parents with unexplained mental retardation or congenital malformations. (4) Those with unexplained habitual abortion, stillbirth, or stillbirth. (5)Couples with unexplained infertility. (6)Pregnant women of advanced age over 35 years old. (7)Men and women of childbearing age who have been exposed to adverse environmental factors for a long time. (8) Pregnant women exposed to adverse environmental factors during pregnancy and suffering from certain chronic diseases. (9)Abnormalities found in routine examinations or screening for common genetic diseases. (10) Those who are married to close relatives.