Vitreous hemorrhage is a common complication of ocular trauma or retinal vascular disease causing visual impairment. The consequences of vitreous hemorrhage vary from case to case, and treatment should be appropriate and timely depending on the primary injury, the amount of vitreous hemorrhage, the absorption of the hemorrhage, and the ocular response. The symptoms, signs, prognosis and complications of vitreous hemorrhage depend mainly on the primary cause of the hemorrhage and the amount and frequency of the hemorrhage. Spontaneous bleeding often occurs suddenly and can be a very small amount of bleeding or more often forms a thick blood clot. When a small amount of bleeding occurs, the patient may not be aware of it, or only have “flying mosquitoes”; when more bleeding occurs, the patient feels a dark shadow floating in front of the eyes, or seems to be covered by red glass, and patients with repeated bleeding may feel “smoke” and have a significant loss of vision. On ophthalmologic examination, when the hemorrhage is small and does not interfere with the slit-lamp view, red blood cells can be seen aggregated in a lemon-colored dusty scaffold of vitreous gel. Moderate amounts of fresh hemorrhage may appear as dense black streaks of cloudiness. A large amount of hemorrhage results in no red light reflection from the fundus and vision loss to light perception. Over time, the blood within the vitreous dissipates, the color fades, and the vitreous gradually becomes clear. The absorption of more blood takes 6 months or up to a year or more. In the absence of significant fundus lesions, vision may be fully or mostly restored. In cases of trauma to the posterior segment of the eye combined with massive vitreous hemorrhage, useful vision may be lost in half of the patients. In most cases, spontaneous resorption of vitreous hemorrhage takes 3 to 6 months. Therefore, before starting treatment, it is generally considered appropriate to observe for about 3 months. If there is no significant reduction in vitreous clouding during the observation period, it is less likely that spontaneous absorption will be slow or complete. Ultrasonography has a greater diagnostic value for vitreous hemorrhage, especially when it cannot be seen directly. A small amount of diffuse hemorrhage may yield negative results with B-mode ultrasonography. Posterior vitreous detachment caused by vitreous hemorrhage should be differentiated from retinal detachment during ultrasound image diagnosis. The detached retina often shows high amplitude echogenicity with little change in retinal echogenicity when sensitivity is changed. The detached retina can often be traced to the attachment or optic disc, and in retractive retinal detachments will show a retractive pattern. In simple posterior vitreous detachment, the posterior vitreous interface has significant posterior motion when the eye is turned, reducing the sensitivity of the machine when the echo amplitude is diminished. Therefore, ultrasonography can determine the extent of trauma to the posterior segment of the eye with vitreous hemorrhage, whether there is a combination of retinal detachment and other lesions, determine the prognosis of vision, and repeat the examination if necessary. Once retinal detachment occurs, vitrectomy must be performed immediately to remove the accumulated blood and reset the retina, otherwise there is a risk of blindness. After vitreous hemorrhage, early bed rest should be given, and force and strenuous head movement should be avoided. Medication should be given at the same time. Such as vitreous urokinase injection, can activate the fibrinolytic enzyme original in the clot, so that the clot dissolves and breaks, but also can increase the permeability of the eye capillaries and promote blood absorption, urokinase can also be used subconjunctival or pars plana injection. Chinese herbal treatment also has some value. Early bleeding is given to cool the blood and stop bleeding, and after the condition is stabilized, the blood is activated to remove blood stasis and disperse the nodules, and Volitin is also taken orally to promote the absorption of old bleeding. Physiotherapy can also be applied. Such as ultrasound can promote the absorption of blood, argon laser can make the clot vaporization, loosening dissociation, macrophage vitality, blood absorption accelerated. Vitrectomy is an effective measure for vitreous hemorrhage. Vitreous hemorrhage caused by ocular trauma should be operated promptly if combined with other injuries, such as perforation, cataract, intraocular foreign body, etc. Surgery for simple traumatic vitreous hemorrhage should be performed 1 to 2 weeks after the injury to avoid the stimulation of blood to the eye tissue and to reduce the chance of intraocular fibroproliferation. Vitreous hemorrhage caused by retinal vascular diseases such as diabetes mellitus, perivenous inflammation, etc. should first be treated actively for the primary disease. Vitrectomy can be combined with intraocular laser, close postoperative follow-up and extraocular retinal photocoagulation should be performed if necessary to stabilize the condition, prevent rebleeding and protect useful vision. If vitreous hemorrhage is combined with serious complications and is not suitable for vitrectomy, ciliary body or retinal condensation can be performed, which can promote the absorption of vitreous blood to a certain extent and play a role in controlling the disease.