Microecological regulators are microbial preparations containing live and/or dead bacteria (including components and products) for oral administration or for input via other mucosal routes. They have the effect of mediating and improving the balance of intestinal microorganisms and enzymes, stimulating specific and non-specific immunity, and are used to promote health and prevent disease.
At present, there are dozens of micro-ecological regulators available, which can be distinguished and selected according to their sources and different components as follows: fermented foods such as yogurt, health products such as Online-1, and drugs such as rectified intestine and Pefikon. Micro-ecological regulators used as pharmaceuticals are divided into three categories: probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics according to their composition. Probiotics are beneficial bacteria in human body, containing live or dead bacteria (bacteriological components and metabolic components), in liquid and solid form, which can improve the imbalance of flora through oral or other mucosal administration; probiotics are food components that are not digested by human body, which can selectively stimulate the growth and reproduction of beneficial bacteria in the intestine to enhance the health of the host, such as oligosaccharides and other factors that promote the growth of bifidobacteria; synbiotics are the combination of probiotics and prebiotics The combination of probiotics and prebiotics, there are also added vitamins, trace elements, China also added Chinese herbs.
The specific microecological preparations available include Lactase, Lizhu Enteral Capsules (containing Bifidobacterium bifidum), Enteral Capsules/Granules (containing Bacillus licheniformis), Mia Granules (containing Clostridium typhimurium), Enterflucan (containing Bacillus cereus), Billion Live Powder or Capsules (containing Saccharomyces boulardii), Shu Chang Ning Tablets, Tingjun Sheng Capsules (containing Lactobacillus), etc.; dead bacteria or Bacterial metabolite preparations include Lactol bulk or capsule (containing heat-treated Lactobacillus acidophilus and its metabolites), Lactobacillus tablets (containing substances extracted from fresh milk to promote the growth of beneficial bacteria); multi-strain microecological preparations such as Pefikon, Gold Bifidus, Pulubaile, Witt’s four-linked live bacteria tablets, Juke, Mei Changan, etc.
Although the clinical application of microecological regulators is safe, so far there is no report of adverse events due to overdose, but because of its poor specificity of action, the use should be selected for appropriate indications. At the same time, the choice of products should be fully understood in terms of performance, quality and effect.
Several issues need to be noted when applying: 1. determine the existence of dysbiosis and determine the severity; 2. in principle, do not use antibiotics at the same time, in severe patients can not stop the use of antibiotics, the dosage of micro-ecological regulators need to be increased; 3. at the same time pay attention to improve the systemic immunity of the patient. Patients with diarrhea should know whether there is water-electrolyte imbalance and hypoproteinemia, and if so, they should be treated accordingly; for patients with frequent watery diarrhea and no obvious inflammation of the intestine, astringents should be given as appropriate; for those with long-term chronic diarrhea, they should try to deal with the cause, and at the same time, Chinese and Western medicines that enhance immunity can be used together; 4. In the selection of microecological regulators for the treatment of intestinal flora disorders, comprehensive and detailed consideration can only achieve good therapeutic results.