Microsurgery in ophthalmology has developed rapidly in recent years, broadening the scope of surgical indications and increasing the opportunities and means to restore sight. Many eye diseases have been treated surgically with excellent results. Common surgical complications include: eyelid swelling, pain, conjunctival congestion, graft rejection, anterior chamber, vitreous, retinal choroidal hemorrhage, postoperative hypotony, choroidal retinal edema and exudation, and delayed recovery of visual function. Glaucoma surgery Glaucoma belongs to the category of “green wind and internal obstruction” and other diseases in Chinese medicine. Modern research has found that patients with glaucoma have ocular hemodynamic disorders, obstructed atrial fluid circulation, abnormal blood rheology, increased angiotensin, and ischemia and hypoxia of the optic disc, which not only have the pathology of stagnant Shen Shui as recognized by Chinese medicine, but also have the characteristics of blood stasis, so its pathology should be blood stasis and water stoppage. The postoperative pathological mechanism is mostly qi deficiency and blood stasis, vascular obstruction, loss of nourishment of the eye system, occlusion of the xuanfu, and stagnation of divine water. The rational application of postoperative Chinese medicine can accelerate the healing of surgical wound, promote atrial fluid circulation, prevent adhesions, prevent postoperative high intraocular pressure, reduce the ischemia and hypoxia of the optic nerve, and improve the visual function of patients. II. Cataract surgery The pathological changes after cataract ultrasound emulsification combined with IOL implantation are mainly qi stagnation and blood stasis and qi and blood weakness. The residual cortex of surgery and IOLs etc. stimulate the black eye and yellow kernel and cause liver and gallbladder fire, and produce iris reaction. This stagnation and liver-heat reaction manifests as an inflammatory reaction in the anterior chamber and, in severe cases, anterior membrane formation. The use of Chinese herbal medicine to remove wind and clear heat, cool blood and diarrhea the liver supplemented by benefitting qi and nourishing blood can speed up the circulation of blood and atrial fluid in the eye and promote the remission of inflammation and the absorption of exudates as well as membranes. Retinal detachment belongs to the category of “violent blindness” in traditional Chinese medicine, and there is a retention of subretinal fluid after surgery. The comprehensive pathological mechanism is deficiency of qi and yin, blood stasis and water stoppage, so the treatment is to benefit qi and nourish yin, activate blood and promote water. Intraocular hemorrhage and inflammatory reaction are more common after ocular trauma. Intraocular hemorrhage is often divided into early hemorrhage, middle stasis and late stagnation, generally the early treatment is to cool the blood and stop bleeding, the middle treatment is to activate the blood and remove stasis, and the late treatment is to support and disperse the nodules. Chinese herbs for clearing heat and detoxifying toxins have broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, especially for some infections of unknown causes, the application of Chinese herbal tonics dialectical treatment has a certain effect. In summary, the pathological basis of perioperative ophthalmology is mainly the loss of harmony between qi and blood, the seven emotions, the invasion of wind, heat and poisonous evil, and the deficiency of essence and blood. It is closely related to the liver, spleen and kidney. Draining wind and clearing heat, clearing heat and detoxifying toxins, activating blood circulation and relieving blood stasis, draining liver and relieving depression are its main treatment methods. Traditional Chinese medicine can achieve certain effect through the comprehensive application of treatment such as Chinese medicine injection, Chinese medicine soup and acupuncture and physiotherapy.