Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), also known as ischemic necrosis of the femoral head (AVNFH), is a common disease in orthopedics. Treatment of ONFH: There are many treatment methods for ONFH, and the development of a reasonable treatment plan should take into account the staging, necrosis volume, joint function, as well as the patient’s age, occupation and compliance with joint preservation treatment. (A) Non-surgical treatment Non-surgical treatment is mainly applied to patients with early ONFH. Chinese medicine treatment: Guided by the holistic view of Chinese medicine, following the basic principles of “combination of movement and static, tendon and bone, internal and external treatment, cooperation between doctors and patients”, emphasizing early diagnosis, combination of disease and evidence, early standardized treatment. For high-risk groups and patients without pain in the early stage, Chinese herbal medicines are mainly used to activate blood circulation and resolve blood stasis, supplemented by removing phlegm and dampness, and tonifying kidney and bone, which can promote necrosis repair and prevent collapse; for ONFH with pain and other symptoms in the early stage, on the basis of protective weight-bearing, Chinese herbal medicines are applied to activate blood circulation and resolve blood stasis, and facilitate water and dampness, which can relieve pain and improve joint function; for ONFH in the middle and late stage, it can be combined with surgical repair surgery to improve the surgical effect. (B) Surgery As ONFH progresses rapidly, the effect of non-surgical treatment is poor, and most patients need surgical treatment. The surgical methods include repair and reconstruction surgery to preserve the patient’s own femoral head and artificial hip joint replacement surgery. Femoral head preservation surgery includes medullary core decompression, bone grafting, osteotomy, bone grafting with or without blood flow, etc. It is suitable for patients with early or mid-stage ONFH and patients with ONFH with necrosis area of 15% or more. If the method is appropriate, artificial arthroplasty can be avoided or postponed. (C) rehabilitation exercise rehabilitation exercise can prevent wasting muscle atrophy in patients with ONFH, is an effective means to promote its early return to function. Functional exercise should be mainly active and passive, from small to large, from small to large, gradually increase, and according to the stage of ONFH, treatment mode, hip function score and gait analysis data to choose the appropriate exercise method. 1, prone leg lift method: lie on your back, lift the affected leg, flex the hip and knee 90 degrees, and repeat the action. 200 times daily, divided into 3-4 times. Apply to ONFH conservative treatment and surgical treatment after bed rest period. 2.Sitting position: sit on a chair, hands on knees, feet shoulder-width apart, left leg to the left, right leg to the right while fully abducted and adducted. 300 times daily, divided into 3-4 times. Apply to ONFH conservative treatment and post-surgical treatment can be part of the weight-bearing period. 3.Standing leg lift method: hand holding the fixed object, keep the body upright, lift the affected leg, make the body and thigh at right angles, bend the hip and knee 90 degrees, the action is repeated. 300 times a day, divided into 3-4 times. Apply to ONFH conservative treatment and surgical treatment can be part of the weight-bearing period. 4, hold the squat method: hand holding a fixed object, the body upright, feet and shoulder width, squat and then stand up, the action repeated. 300 times a day, divided into 3-4 times. Apply to ONFH conservative treatment and surgical treatment can be fully weight-bearing period. 5, internal rotation and abduction method: hand holding the fixed object, legs respectively do full internal rotation, abduction, circle movement, 300 times a day, divided into 3-4 times. Apply to ONFH conservative treatment and surgical treatment can be fully weight-bearing period. 6, walking training or cycling exercise: applied to ONFH conservative treatment and surgical treatment can be fully weight-bearing period.