Chronic bronchitis (chronic bronchitis) is a common disease in the elderly, and its distinctive clinical feature is the abundance of sputum, which is not easily discharged from the trachea and bronchi because of the weakness of the whistling muscles, the loss of elasticity of the alveoli and small airway walls, and the weakened movement of the tracheal and bronchial cilia in old patients with chronic bronchitis. The accumulation of phlegm in the airways will aggravate the symptoms of shortness of breath and chest tightness, lead to secondary infections, and in serious cases, lead to death due to suffocation caused by obstruction of the airways by phlegm. For these patients, it is important to emphasize active sputum removal and effective removal of whistle secretions to keep the whistle tract open to better improve symptoms, relieve the condition and prevent complications. Therefore, it is especially important for patients with Lonichiasis and their families to master some methods to facilitate sputum evacuation in patients with Lonichiasis. Coughing is a reflex action. When the receptors on the mucous membrane of the whistle are physically or chemically stimulated by microorganisms, a cough reflex can be induced. Coughing helps to keep the whistle clean and clear. If coughing is done incorrectly, it can be physically exhausting and cause bronchospasm and shortness of breath to increase. Therefore, it is important to master the correct coughing method to effectively promote the discharge of bronchial secretions. The correct way to cough is to inhale slowly and deeply before coughing, then hold your breath for a moment, lean your body forward slightly, bend your arms on both sides and place them flat on the lower part of the chest wall on both sides, and press inward and slightly. When coughing, the abdominal muscles contract hard and the abdominal wall sinks in, and with one inhalation, you can cough three times in a row; stop coughing and shrink your lips to whistle out the remaining gas as much as possible, then inhale slowly or whistle calmly for a moment and prepare to cough again. If deep inhalation induces coughing, try to inhale intermittently and in parts to obtain adequate inflation in the alveoli to increase the efficiency of coughing. During this process, you should also pay attention to the consistency of the movements and complete them in one breath. At the same time, when coughing, you can also tap on the anterior chest wall or have your family members assist in tapping on the posterior chest wall to vibrate the bronchial secretions to increase the efficiency of sputum excretion. There are 6 methods to help “old slow bronchial” effective sputum discharge: 1. Steam inhalation method: During the attack of chronic bronchitis, elderly patients can feel that sputum is not easy to cough out, chest tightness and gas obstruction, which is because sputum is too thick and sticky, attached to the bronchial wall, it is difficult to make it expel by itself by coughing. At this time, you can use a cup with a diameter of 10 to 15 cm, half a cup of boiling water, put your mouth and nose on the cup, and suck steam for 15 to 20 minutes with a big mouth. After the water is slightly cold, you can change the boiling water again, repeatedly 2 ~ 3 times, you can make the trachea sputum dilution and smooth coughing out. Those who have the conditions can purchase a nebulizer inhaler, available ultrasonic nebulizer inhalation. 2.Laughing method: Patients drink a few sips of warm water before coughing, or gargle with warm water for a while to moisten the throat before coughing. 3. Postural expectoration method: It is suitable for patients with bronchial dilatation or lung abscess. If the lesion is in the lower lobe of the lung, it can be taken in the lying position with the head low and feet high; if the lesion is in the upper lobe of the lung, it can be taken in the sitting position, and then sputum is coughing. This method is best carried out in the morning and evening on an empty stomach, the elderly or extremely frail, inspiratory difficulties or with hypertension, heart failure, hemoptysis patients are prohibited to use this method. 4, walking and turning method: long-term bedridden patients, phlegm is often difficult to cough up, coughing and wheezing symptoms are also more serious. For patients who are bedridden for a long time, they should try to let them walk properly in the room regularly; those who really can’t get up, their family members should often turn and tap their backs for them, so that the lungs are vibrated by these activities and the body position can be changed frequently to promote blood circulation and facilitate the discharge of sputum. 5.Back patting method: It is applicable to the elderly patients who are bedridden for a long time. Let the patient lie on his side, put the hip pad about 15 degrees higher, and slightly lower the head or remove the pillow. The operator gently pat his back with the palm of his hand from top to bottom, and then ask the patient to deep whistle. This is done 2 to 3 times a day. In this way, the phlegm retained in the trachea, bronchi or lungs can be moved by vibration, and then the patient is asked to do a deep whistling movement, and then cough out the phlegm. 6, emergency sputum picking method: severe chronic bronchitis combined with emphysema in the elderly, likely due to serious infection, tracheal mucus, inflammatory exudate cells, shedding epithelial cells too much, the formation of a large number of lumpy sputum, blocking the airway caused by suffocation. When this happens, the patient’s family should immediately press the patient’s tongue with the handle of a spoon, toothbrush, chopsticks, etc., and extend a finger wrapped in a small towel or gauze to his or her throat to pick out the blocked phlegm, and the purpose of first aid can be achieved. Using the above tricks, most of the slow sputum thick people can make the sputum gradually discharge, so that the whistling tract is open and the whistling function is improved. If the thick sputum is still difficult to discharge, you should immediately go to the hospital to avoid the retention of sputum in the airway to hinder the whistling, the risk of potential asphyxiation.