What are the types of fundus lesions in high myopia? Posterior scleral staphyloma: Patients with high myopia can develop posterior scleral staphyloma, which manifests as a backward expansion of the posterior pole of the eye with degenerative atrophy of the optic nerve and the retina around the macula. The shape of the staphyloma may be conical, square, wedge-shaped or arc-shaped. The higher the degree of myopia, the higher the incidence of posterior scleral staphyloma. Posterior scleral staphyloma is detected mainly by fundus examination and ultrasound. For posterior scleral staphyloma, posterior scleral reinforcement can slow down the development of staphyloma. Retinal cleft: Retinal cleft refers to the separation between the neuroepithelial layers of the retina. The cleft that occurs in the central recess is called macular cleft, which is difficult to identify under slit lamp or even fundoscopy, and it is mostly observed clinically with the help of OCT (optical correlation tomography) to observe its morphological features. After the occurrence of macular cleft, the visual acuity gradually decreases, especially when the retinal cleft in macular area combined with vitreous traction, it is easy to develop macular fissure, which seriously affects the visual acuity. Mild clefts have no special treatment, but should be observed regularly. For severe macular clefts, early detection and interventional treatment should be carried out so as to delay the loss of vision and thus save the possible loss of vision.