Pterygium is a kind of superfluous tissue on the inner corner of the eye near the black eye, triangular in shape, with the tip pointing to the black corner of the eye, like a wing, hence the name pterygium, which grows slowly and gradually covers the pupil area and seriously affects vision. It is most common in outdoor workers, including construction workers, fishermen and farmers, and may be related to long-term chronic stimulation by wind, dust, sunlight and smoke. Also, overwork, lack of sleep and chronic inflammation of the conjunctiva are predisposing factors. Pterygium can be divided into 3 parts in terms of its morphology: the tip of the pterygium, which grows on the black eye, is called the head. The backward fan-shaped, slightly elevated part of the pterygium, which is located at the junction of the black and white eyes, is called the neck. The wide part that extends to the surface of the white eye is called the body, on which there are many new blood vessels. (1) Pharmacological treatment: For the static type, if the pterygium has not invaded the cornea and does not affect the vision, treatment is not necessary. For those with chronic conjunctivitis, antibiotics or glucocorticoid eye drops, such as 0.02% flumetron eye drops, can be used 3-4 times a day, but not for a long time, as hormonal side effects may occur. (2) For the progressive type of pterygium that has grown into the black eye, it will cause irregular astigmatism, and if once it is large enough to cover the pupil area it will seriously affect vision and will need to be surgically removed. The only way to treat pterygium with current medical technology is to perform surgery, and there are no specific medications available to treat and inhibit further progression. There are two common surgical procedures: simple pterygium excision and pterygium excision combined with autologous conjunctival transplantation containing stem cells. The former procedure is simpler and takes less time to perform, but is prone to recurrence, with a 50%-70% chance of recurrence, and is now largely abandoned. The latter has better surgical results and the recurrence rate can be significantly reduced after surgery. The whole operation is carried out under local anesthesia, painless during the operation, the operation time is 30 minutes, the operation is less traumatic and the post-operative recovery is fast. The surgeon performed the surgery on each of Zhang’s two eyes. 2 weeks after the surgery, Zhang’s eye grinding symptoms disappeared and his vision was restored, and he could fish again.