Pterygium is a common disease in ophthalmology, commonly known as “climbing eye”. It is generally believed that it is a chronic inflammatory lesion caused by external stimuli. It is a proliferation of conjunctival tissues on the nasal side, crawling to the cornea and showing a triangular shape, which can cause astigmatism, blurred vision and foreign body sensation after invading the cornea, and when it is too big, it can even cover the pupil area and seriously affect the visual acuity. It is mostly seen in outdoor workers, with fishermen and farmers having the most incidence, and may be related to long-term chronic stimulation by wind, dust, sunlight and smoke. According to its symptoms and signs, it can be divided into stationary stage and active stage. In the stationary stage, the pterygium is white, with no obvious discomfort and slow growth, so it can be left untreated for the time being. In the active stage, the surface of pterygium is congested and red, with foreign body sensation, itching, tearing, blurred vision, etc. It needs to be treated with anti-inflammatory drugs, and surgically removed if necessary. There is a certain recurrence rate after surgery, and pterygium excision combined with corneal limbal stem cell transplantation can reduce the recurrence rate.