It has been found that pterygium recurrence is associated with lymphocyte type I and type III metaplasia. Current pharmacological research is focused on the inhibition of metaplasia, fibroblast proliferation and neovascularization. Anti-inflammatory drug therapy Corticosteroids Corticosteroids stabilize the cellular lysosomal membrane, inhibit the immune response, and inhibit fibroblast DNA synthesis and nucleus fixation to prevent pterygium recurrence after surgery. NSAIDs can selectively cut off the metabolism of arachidonic acid, block the synthesis of prostaglandin E (PGE), exert anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, inhibit the development of pterygium infiltration, and avoid the adverse effects of hormonal drugs such as high intraocular pressure. The effect of NSAIDs and dexamethasone is also effective. The use of topical mitomycin (MMC), pindamycin, kinetomycin and 5-fluorouracil has been shown to inhibit the expression of cell growth factors, prevent neovascularization of the cornea, inhibit the proliferation of fibrous tissue and reduce the recurrence rate after surgery. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a safer fibrous tissue inhibitor that inhibits thymidine nucleotide synthase, interferes with DNA synthesis, and has a toxic effect only on proliferating cells. Bekibele et al. followed up 75 cases with 2.5% 5-FU 5 min intraoperatively for 20 months, with a recurrence rate of 2.7%. In addition to the above mentioned drugs, other anti-fibroblast agents have been studied initially. The proliferation of fibroblasts was inhibited by TNP-470 (fumonisinol). Long Xinguang et al. found that preoperative local injection of pterygium with hypertrigonelline combined with dexamethasone reduced the recurrence rate after surgery. Although there are many methods, the efficacy is often uncertain, and surgical excision is still the main method of radical treatment for pterygium.