In recent years, with the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, the average elevation of children in China has increased significantly than in the past. But some parents are worried about their children’s height: college students employment, many people due to the lack of height, and their ideal position lost; talk about friends to find an object, but also due to height problems, it is difficult to find a sweetheart. And this is because of the same reason – short. Human growth is regulated and controlled by many factors. Individual growth and final height are the result of interactions with genetics and birth weight, body length, nutrition and endocrine hormones. Short stature is defined as a child’s height being more than 2 standard deviations (-2SD) below or below the 3rd percentile of the mean height of a normal population of the same race and gender in a similar environment. Slowed growth rate is defined as <7cm per year at <2 years of age, <5cm per year before puberty, and <6cm per year at puberty. I. Etiology 1. Growth hormone deficiency is more common in rural than urban areas of China. If not diagnosed and treated in time, it will lead to significant short stature of adults, significantly increase the incidence of cardiovascular disease, and a considerable number of cases with gonadal dysplasia, central hypothyroidism and adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency. Therefore, it will seriously affect work, study, marriage, psychology and learning. Intrauterine growth retardation, also known as small for gestational age or small-like children, refers to newborns whose birth weight is lower than the 10th percentile of the average weight for the same gestational age and sex, or 2 standard deviations of the average weight for the same gestational age and sex. 2 years of age, the height of most small for gestational age children will be normalized, and 10-15% of affected children will not show the phenomenon of catching up after birth. These children will develop short stature, and about half of them will be 2 standard deviations below the normal mean height as adults. 3. Idiopathic short stature Short stature of unknown cause may be a polygenic disease. It accounts for about 20%. Familial short stature, also known as hereditary short stature, refers to children with short stature, normal growth rate and family history of short stature. Most of them do not need treatment, but children and parents who have a large psychological burden and psychological pressure on height can be treated with growth hormone. 5. Somatic delayed puberty is a condition in which a boy or girl reaches the age of puberty and still has not developed secondary sexual characteristics, but can eventually enter puberty spontaneously. There is often a family history, such as delayed menarche in the mother or delayed puberty in the father or sibling. Since puberty will occur naturally, most of them can reach normal adult height, so most of them do not need treatment. 6.Psycho-psychological short stature Caused by parents' divorce or parents' mental or psychological illnesses, children often suffer from deprivation, severe neglect and abuse, physical destruction, etc. 7. Congenital ovarian hypoplasia syndrome, also known as Turner syndrome, is caused by a monosomy of the X chromosome. In addition to short stature, the patient also has dysgenesis of the gonads and the ovaries are replaced by striated fibrous tissue. Treatment The only effective treatment drug is growth hormone, which is injectable. No topical or oral medication has been proven to be effective. In addition to causing allergies, growth hormone can cause hypothyroidism, a side effect that is treatable. In addition, growth hormone can induce femoral head necrosis. Tumors and other possibilities, but the incidence is very low, and doctors can basically avoid these two situations as long as they pay close attention to its side effects during the medication process.