1, Q: My child is 15 years old this year, on the second year, the first year when he gave him a pair of 150 degrees of glasses, and now the response to see the blackboard more and more unclear, a to the hospital to check has been 250 degrees, which degree how to get higher and higher ah? Expert answer: should be divided into two stages to understand the myopia deeper and deeper wear the problem: ① 18 years of age, the body is not fully developed, in this stage of the people, often long hours of study, many people reading and writing posture is incorrect, and some children and picky eaters, lack of outdoor exercise, coupled with the television, computers and a variety of game consoles for a long time on the eyes of the radiation, water, air, fruits and vegetables, as well as food additives and a series of pollution. additives and a series of pollution, are affecting people’s eyesight health; ② 19 to 45 years old people can generally maintain the original degree. Because this age, the body has matured, is the prime of life, if you can maintain good eye hygiene habits, generally can keep myopia does not deepen, and even some customers have a reduction in myopia. On the contrary, if you use your eyes for a long time at a short distance, if the light is too strong or too weak, if you do not rest well, if you do not have good nutrition, even after you are more than 30 years old, your myopia will deepen. For example, many workers in carpet factories, garment factories, electronic factories and welders are affected by the working environment, and their myopia has increased to different degrees. The deepening of myopia is related to adjustment fatigue, blurred vision and heredity, and wearing proper glasses can help to avoid the defocusing effect caused by blurred vision which leads to vision loss or deepening of myopia. However, if the wearer does not improve his/her bad eye and life habits, or if he/she belongs to hereditary nature, myopia deepening is almost inevitable. 2, Q: my son this year senior high school, go to check the vision, there is a classmate with him the same as 200 degrees of glasses, but without glasses to check the vision when they are a 0.5 a 0.3, what is the reason? What is the reason for this? Is it possible that the naked eye visual acuity is different for the same 200 diopters of myopia? Answer: This question may be related to the following 3 factors: ① The standard visual acuity chart is designed according to the 1-point viewing angle for the smallest viewing angle, in the production of its standards, only the smallest viewing angle of the majority of the statistics or the average value, not everyone is the same. The size of the minimum viewing angle of the human eye is related to the diameter of the optic cone cells in the macular center recess of the eye. According to relevant information, the diameter of the optic cone cells can range from 3 um to 5.4 um, so the minimum angle of view of a person is not the same. The minimum angle of view of the standard visual acuity table is 1 minute angle of view, using simplified data, can be calculated that the visual standard gap in the retina to form about 5 um image, which is equivalent to the diameter of a cone cell and a few adjacent cone cells. If one of the three optic cone cells in the middle has a diameter of approximately 5 um, then the two optic cone cells separating it will be stimulated; if one’s optic cone cells have a diameter greater than or less than 5.0 um, then the stimulation will not be produced by the other two optic cone cells separating one optic cone cell. Looking at the visual standard is actually a test of its two eyes separated from the minimum limit of two points, the visual standard gap between the two points of light to the node of the eye made by the angle, that is, the minimum angle of view. Cone cell diameter is not the same, the minimum angle of view is not the same, the ability to distinguish the visual standard is not the same, so vision is not the same. It is related to the analytical ability of the visual center of the brain, the speed and accuracy of the optic nerve in transmitting information, and the light sensitivity of the eye. ③ It has to do with the adjustment and collection. Due to the lack of coordination between accommodation and collection, there is a difference in visual acuity due to the appearance of central and peripheral vision when seeing objects. Must be carried out under the same preconditions, that is to say, in the same equipment, the same optometric environment, the same technician, the same light standard (based on the macular center imaging), and the examined eye without organic pathology, etc., under the same conditions, in order to carry out a valid comparison. 3.Q: Wuhan’s summer sun is quite poisonous, want to buy a sunglasses for my baby, do not know how to choose, please experts give some guidance. Expert Answer: High-intensity ultraviolet rays not only test the babies’ skin, but also a challenge to the baby’s eyes. Some parents wear sunglasses for their children early, and pick more attention to the sunglasses’ bright colors and cute shapes. Our suggestion is that children’s visual function is not yet mature, long time wearing poor quality sunglasses will affect children’s eyesight, especially children under 6 years old should be more cautious to wear. Generally speaking, children’s cornea and lens are clearer than adults, so it is more susceptible to ultraviolet rays, if you do not pay attention to sunscreen, may damage the corneal epithelium of children, such as cataracts and other eye diseases in the future to lay a hidden danger. Good quality sunglasses can indeed block harmful rays, but improper selection and wear, protection will become harm. Poor quality sunglasses not only fail to block harmful rays, but also damage the eyes. Children’s eyesight is in the development stage, if you often wear such poor quality glasses, will increase the burden of eye regulation, affecting the normal development of visual function, thus triggering visual fatigue, resulting in nearsightedness, blurred vision, and a series of symptoms, so buy sunglasses for children should be given to the children to do a vision check, and then according to the children’s vision status, choose the right sunglasses. In addition, not all children are suitable for wearing sunglasses, especially children under 6 years old visual function is not yet mature, wear sunglasses for a long time, will affect the further development of vision. Parents can tell their children not to look directly at the sun, and to avoid outdoor sports in the middle of the day when UV rays are strong, to protect their children’s eyes. 4. Q: Why do hospitals need to dilate the pupils of children and adolescents for myopia? Will dilation affect the eyes? Answer: Because children and adolescents will have regulation spasm when they use their eyes for a long time at close range, if the pupils are not dilated before the optometry, the ciliary muscle spasm will not be lifted, and then there will be: 1. glasses will be given to the patients with pseudomyopia, and the pseudomyopia will become real myopia in the course of time, and usually the pseudomyopia will be able to return to normal vision after a certain amount of rest for the eyes and medication, and there is no need to wear glasses; 2. high myopia will be given, and blurred vision, visual fatigue, etc. will occur. Blurred vision, visual fatigue and other discomforts, and even the phenomenon of neurasthenia, and accelerate the development of myopia: 3. May be originally farsighted patients mistakenly matched with myopic lenses, resulting in the prescription of the principle of error. As the result of dilated optometry is objective, it plays a key role in the final decision on the number of lenses to be dispensed, which is especially important for children who have difficulty in feeling optometry. In order to correctly understand the refractive status of the eye, children and adolescents must still use astigmatism. Choosing the right medication, method and timing of dilation can better help patients to minimize the impact on work and study.