Patients with limited emphysema generally do not affect their life expectancy if they undergo timely treatment to control the progression of the disease. Emphysema is a thin-walled cavity structure formed by the rupture and fusion of alveoli due to various reasons such as long-term obstruction of the bronchi or abnormalities in the proteases of the body itself. The destroyed alveoli lose their ventilatory function. If the extent of limited emphysema lesions is small, a life expectancy consistent with that of a normal person can be obtained after active relief of the primary disease and effective treatment. If the extent of limited emphysema is large and further developed, it may affect the patient’s daily life, with symptoms such as dyspnea, and the destroyed alveoli are irreversible, but with effective measures, the patient can survive with the disease and live as long as a normal person. Patients with emphysema can take aerobic exercises such as slow walking, running and swimming in daily life to avoid strain and infection to control the disease and improve lung function.