Changes in the body of the little life to the mother in the tense and busy modern life, people often do not have time to take care of the body on the subtle changes, some women have been pregnant for several months, they did not know; and some of the wives looking forward to the child eager wife, the body a little bit of a difference in the thought that they are pregnant. Mothers bring the little life from the fertilized egg into a ripe fat doll. In this magical “October pregnancy” process, the heart of the mother-to-be is incredibly happy, but the body is often troubled and trouble. So, what kind of changes will the little life in the belly bring to the mother? How can you find out that you are pregnant earlier? This is not only helpful for couples who are expecting a baby, but also important for women who conceive unexpectedly. “The medical term for “pregnancy” is “gestation”, which is the process by which the embryo and fetus develop and grow in the mother’s body, starting with the fertilization of the egg and ending with the expulsion of the fetus and its appendages from the mother’s body. It begins with the fertilization of the egg and ends with the expulsion of the fetus and its appendages from the mother’s body. The number of days and months of pregnancy we usually refer to is not counted from the day of fertilization, but from the first day of a woman’s last menstrual period. For example, if the last menstrual period came on the 5th of last month and has not come by the 20th of this month, it is called 45 days of menopause, and if the pregnancy is confirmed, it is called 45 days of gestation. The whole process of pregnancy lasts 40 weeks on average, and every 4 weeks is counted as a gestation month, which is exactly 10 months, so it is called “10 months of pregnancy”. What are the early signs of pregnancy? (1) Cessation of menstruation: This is the earliest phenomenon that should be noticed. From the first menstruation to menopause, have a history of sexual intercourse, usually regular menstrual cycle of women, once the day after the wrong day more than 10 days, should be suspected of pregnancy. However, menopause is not necessarily pregnancy, many factors can affect menstruation, such as mental stress, overwork, weight loss, cold, etc., can also be caused by certain diseases, postpartum breastfeeding can also have the phenomenon of menopause. (2) Early pregnancy reaction: dizziness, fatigue, drowsiness, loss of appetite, fond of acid, aversion to grease, nausea and vomiting and a series of other symptoms can appear when menopause is 6 weeks old, and generally lasts until the pregnancy disappears by itself around 12 weeks. However, these manifestations are not all pregnant women have, and the degree of severity varies. (3) Frequent urination: the uterus enlarges during pregnancy and presses and stimulates the bladder in the pelvic cavity, so the frequency of urination increases, but the amount of urine each time is not necessarily large. By the third month of pregnancy, the uterus gradually beyond the pelvis into the abdominal cavity, this phenomenon naturally disappears. (4) Breast changes: after two months of pregnancy, under the action of increased estrogen and progesterone in the body, the breasts gradually increase in size, with breast swelling or nipple pain, the color of the nipple and areola becomes dark brown, and the opening of the sebaceous glands on the surface of the areola appears as a bulging nodule. Breast milk may decrease after pregnancy in women who are breastfeeding. (5) basal body temperature rise: menstruation regular women can insist on measuring the basal body temperature every morning if possible, the method is: before going to bed will be a good thermometer flung on the bedside table, wake up in the morning do not move and do not allow to speak, maintain a quiet state will be placed on the mercury head of the thermometer under the tongue, a minute after the readings. You will find that the basal body temperature is relatively low in the first half of the menstrual cycle, while the second half of the cycle can be increased by about 0.3 to 0.5 ℃. If this high temperature has lasted for more than 3 weeks and is accompanied by menopause, pregnancy is more likely. What tests can be done to confirm pregnancy? (1) Pregnancy test: To determine if you are pregnant by measuring the amount of human chorionic gonadotropin in your blood or urine. It is more accurate to take a blood sample, but it is easier to take a urine sample. When you notice menopause, just take a urine test with a small piece of early morning pregnancy test paper. (2) Ultrasound: It is a more accurate way to diagnose early pregnancy, but its typical images appear later than the pregnancy test, usually at 5 weeks of pregnancy, the gestational sac and even fetal heartbeat can be seen within the contour of the enlarged uterus. ultrasound is also important for the identification of intrauterine and ectopic pregnancy. If the pregnancy continues, what other changes will occur in the body? (1) Reproductive system: with the increase of pregnancy months, the fetus continues to grow and develop, the uterus is also gradually enlarged, the capacity of the uterine cavity from the usual about 10mL or less to more than 5,000mL in full-term pregnancy, the uterine myocytes, uterine arteries are changing, the growth rate of each part is also not the same, but in short, in order to adapt to the growth of the fetus and the delivery of the needs of the uterine cavity. After the third month of pregnancy, the uterus can experience irregular contractions, and pregnant women can feel their stomachs sometimes suddenly harden, but not much pain. Some pregnant women feel fetal movement from about 16 weeks of pregnancy. The vaginal mucosa is edematous and congested and turns purple-blue, the secretion increases and appears as white paste, and the acidity of the vaginal environment increases, which is conducive to preventing infections, but due to the increase in glycogen-containing epithelial cells, it is easy to suffer from mycosis vaginalis. Vulvar congestion, thickening of the skin, darkening of the color, the labia majora stretching to become larger, labia minora sebaceous gland secretion increased. (2) Breasts: In addition to the manifestations of early pregnancy mentioned earlier, at the end of pregnancy, especially when squeezing the breasts near the time of delivery, a small amount of yellowish thin liquid can be overflowed, called “colostrum”. (3) Circulatory system: Heart volume, heart rate, and cardiac output all increase. Blood pressure is low in the first seven months of pregnancy and rises mildly in the second trimester, and the position of the pregnant woman also affects blood pressure, with the sitting position slightly higher than the supine position. The venous pressure of the lower limbs, vulva and rectum increases, which makes it easy for leg swelling, varicose veins and moles to occur, so here is a good suggestion for pregnant women to turn to the left side of the body when sleeping in favor of venous return. (4) Blood: Routine blood tests may reveal a slight decrease in the number of red blood cells, a slight decrease in hemoglobin, or what is commonly known as hemoglobin, and an increase in the number of white blood cells, especially neutrophils, or what is commonly known as a high blood level, but there is no need to worry, as this does not necessarily mean that there is a bacterial infection. In addition, the body’s iron content is relatively insufficient during pregnancy, and iron supplements should be started in the middle and late stages of pregnancy to prevent iron deficiency anemia. (5) urinary system: in addition to frequent urination during early pregnancy, a series of changes in the urinary system after pregnancy, so that the supine urine volume increases, and the amount of nocturnal urine is more than the daily urine volume. There are also about 15% of pregnant women after meals will appear glycosuria, that is, routine urinalysis found to contain sugar in the urine, but if the blood sugar is normal then there is no big problem. (6) respiratory system: the number of breaths and pre-pregnancy changes are not great, but the breathing range is deeper, oxygen consumption has increased, so pay attention to indoor ventilation, more fresh air. In addition, when pregnant, the nose, pharynx, trachea of the mucous membrane mild congestion and edema, prone to upper respiratory tract infections, cold, wind and sand to do a good job of protection to prevent colds. (7) digestive system: easy to bleeding gums, loose teeth, dental caries (worm teeth), burning sensation in the stomach, epigastric fullness, so pregnant women should try to avoid eating too much. Constipation, hemorrhoids or aggravation of the symptoms of the original hemorrhoids can also occur. (8) Skin: Some pregnant women have chloasma of pregnancy on their faces, mainly distributed on the forehead, around the eyes, cheeks and nose, with a shape similar to that of a butterfly, which can subside on its own after delivery. With the gradual enlargement of the uterus, some pregnant women may have multiple purple or reddish slightly depressed stretch marks on the abdomen, which may disappear after delivery or leave behind silvery and shiny traces. Expert Q&A Is it not pregnancy if I have a negative urine test but my period has not come after a few days? Many women will go to the drugstore to buy early pregnancy test strips to test their urine after they realize they have stopped menstruating. A positive test result indicates pregnancy, while a negative test result but late menstruation will give rise to the above question: Is it possible that the test is not accurate, and is it really not pregnancy? This issue is a bit complicated, let’s analyze it step by step. ① If you are your own home test, first of all to make sure that the test paper is not over the expiration date, and carefully read the instructions for use, the urine plane can not exceed which line, read the results of the time and the results of the judgment, etc., must be strictly in accordance with the requirements of the operation. If you are not sure of the results of their own test, you should go to the hospital by a medical professional test. Generally speaking, the results reflected by the test strips are accurate and have a certain degree of credibility. Many factors can affect menstruation, negative urine test after menopause, generally common clinical conditions are: nervousness, anxiety, anger, overwork, strenuous exercise, cold, diet, taking weight loss pills or emergency contraceptive pills, etc., as well as certain pituitary, ovarian, uterine or endocrine diseases can also cause menopause. However, in a few cases, the test paper test also has the possibility of “false-positive” or “false-negative”. Certain diseases such as hyperemesis gravidarum, aggressive hyperemesis gravidarum, choriocarcinoma, precocious puberty, or tumors that can secrete human chorionic gonadotropin can cause menopause or menstrual disorders, and if the test paper shows a positive result, but you’re not pregnant, then it’s a “false-positive” test. It is also possible to be pregnant but not detect it, i.e. “false negative”. Therefore, women who want to get pregnant should not be discouraged too soon when they see the negative results, perhaps not in the normal ovulation period, but when the menstrual period is about to accidentally ovulate an egg, because of the shorter days and can not be detected; women who do not want to get pregnant should not let down their guard too soon when they see the negative results, because when the embryo is not well developed or ectopic pregnancy, the body is measured by the lower level of this hormone, it is easy to have a “false negative”. “false negative”. ⑤ So, if you don’t have your period for a week after the negative result, you need to take another test or go to the hospital for checkup; during this period, you should pay special attention to the fact that when you have a stomachache or vaginal bleeding that is heavier than the usual amount of menstruation, you need to go to the hospital immediately, so as to avoid delaying your condition and the time to seek medical treatment in case of an ectopic pregnancy, a spontaneous abortion, or any other disease. I went to the hospital because of dizziness and nausea, only to find out that I am pregnant, but I clearly remember that I had my period this month? Not all pregnant women stop menstruating completely. Occasionally, there will be more or less vaginal bleeding, especially during early pregnancy. Some pregnant women may have the false impression that they have not stopped menstruating, and their last menstrual period will come on the right day, but it will usually be less than normal, with a shorter number of days, which is often overlooked by careless women, and by the time they realize that they are pregnant, they will have been pregnant for more than two months. There is another situation, that is, when there is a pre-eclampsia, usually starting from the thirty days after menopause, there is spotting vaginal bleeding, dribbling, some can last for more than ten days, and can also be accompanied by a vague pain in the lower abdomen. The cause of this phenomenon may be that the sex hormone level in the body of these women is not very stable after pregnancy, and the endometrium irregularly peels off and bleeds. This happens often and is usually not dangerous, but if the vaginal bleeding is more than the usual amount of menstruation, you should go to the hospital immediately. An ultrasound examination was done when menopause was more than 40 days and pregnancy was confirmed, but a cystic lesion was also found in the right adnexa, what is it and is it normal? Don’t be afraid of this situation at first, because this cystic thing is most likely a gestational corpus luteum, which can be present in pregnancy. It is often located on one side, either left or right, and appears as a liquid dark area about a few centimeters in size on ultrasound. The corpus luteum is formed in the ovary by the ovulated follicle. If the egg is not fertilized, the corpus luteum degenerates, but if the egg is fertilized, the corpus luteum does not degenerate or even grows, and produces estrogen and progesterone to maintain the continuation of the pregnancy until the 10th week of gestation when it begins to atrophy. Therefore, when the ultrasound is repeated three months after the abortion or at mid-pregnancy, the cyst is usually gone. If it’s still there, it’s time to check further for something else. My stomach has been hardening for a while since I was more than three months pregnant. I heard that it is a contraction of the uterus, is it possible that I am going to have a miscarriage or a preterm labor? Starting from the middle stage of pregnancy, uterine contractions can occur and can sometimes be felt by pregnant women. They are characterized by fewer, irregular, asymmetric, painless contractions, the amplitude and frequency of which gradually increase with the progress of pregnancy, but the pressure inside the uterine cavity during the contractions is relatively low, and they generally do not adversely affect the fetus. Miscarriage is usually preceded by vaginal bleeding, followed by uterine contractions and stomach pain; it is only after the seventh month of pregnancy when the uterus contracts regularly, at least once every 10 minutes, that preterm labor may develop. Therefore, it is important to keep a relaxed mood to face this physiological uterine contraction, do not worry about it, be anxious all day long, or even affect the mood and cause unnecessary psychological pressure. Since most couples nowadays only have one child, mothers-to-be are mostly experiencing the whole process of pregnancy for the first time and are inexperienced, so it is inevitable that they will have this and that kind of problems and disturbances. It is important to note that when abnormalities are detected, it is important not to be paranoid or overly nervous, nor to be careless or delayed, but to consult a professional in a timely manner in order to obtain the correct information and guidance.