Thyroid cancer invading the larynx and trachea: how to preserve speech?

  On the first day after the National Day holiday, there were many patients in the outpatient clinic, and I called, received and handled patients as usual. When I called Mr. Huang from Lufeng, he came in with a pair of expectant eyes: “I’ve already had 4 surgeries! I hope you can help me!” I took a closer look at the patient. Mr. Huang had already undergone 4 surgeries in other hospitals because of his thyroid cancer, and his neck had become stiff and limited in movement because of the surgery scar. However, the relentless tumor had still invaded his skin outward and part of his larynx and trachea inward! “Well, it’s quite tricky, but we are sure to help you eradicate the tumor, but it may sacrifice the laryngeal function, which means you may not be able to speak after the surgery.”  ”Can you preserve the function of speech?” I saw a pair of more expectant eyes. Indeed, not being able to speak is sometimes a more terrible blow to a patient than the disease, not to mention that Mr. Huang is only 40 years old. “You should be hospitalized first, we will find a way.” I reassured the patient.  In fact, as an ENT head and neck surgery department, we still have ways to preserve the function of laryngotrachea for this kind of patients. For example, if the invasion of trachea is small, we can make a wedge resection of trachea and then suture; if the invasion is bigger but not more than 1/2 circumference of trachea, we can repair it with sternocleidomastoid flap; if the invasion is more than 1/2 circumference, we can make a sleeve resection of trachea and end-to-end anastomosis. In this case, the neck skin and trachea are invaded by the tumor, and there will be two defects of neck skin and trachea after resection of the tumor, then we can adopt the double island flap of pectoralis major muscle for repair. Commonly speaking, the end of the pectoralis major flap with vascular tip is folded to form a double island, and part of the trachea is repaired and part of the skin is repaired. The effect of one flap with two repairs is achieved, and the patient not only cured the tumor, but also preserved the laryngotracheal function. However, in the case of Mr. Huang, due to the large extent of invasion, whether the above method could be used or not would depend on the intraoperative situation.  The surgery was performed with adequate preparation. It was difficult due to scar adhesions, but fortunately the tumor had not yet invaded the common carotid artery and only 1/2 circumference of the trachea and part of the larynx, and the defect after resection could be completely repaired by a double island flap of the pectoralis major muscle. The patient obtained a satisfactory surgical result, and the surgeon was exhausted but everyone was happy.  But will there be respiratory difficulties after surgery? In order to prevent this, we also temporarily cut the trachea during the operation and let Mr. Huang breathe with a tracheal cannula, and so observed for one month. One month later, Mr. Huang had a follow-up appointment as scheduled, the flap grew well, there was no breathing difficulty, he spoke the same as before surgery, and the tracheal tube was removed successfully. Mr. Huang smiled, and his eyes began to fill with hope for the future. Looking at his satisfied smile, we were also very happy. As doctors, isn’t the highest level of our pursuit to bring back spring with kindness and benevolence?