I. What is the principle of Q-switched laser for pigmentation treatment?
The Q-switched laser produces a narrow laser pulse width (the duration of the pulse can be as short as one billionth of a second), while the energy of each pulse is high, and the pigment groups (such as melanin or tattoo pigment particles) absorb such high energy in an instant after the temperature rises rapidly, resulting in the rapid expansion and rupture of the pigment or pigment-containing cells to form smaller fragments (blasting effect), and in the inflammatory response thereafter, these small fragments In the subsequent inflammatory reaction, these small fragments can be metabolized by the body surface and phagocytosed by the macrophages in the body or excreted with the blood and lymphatic fluid, so as to achieve the purpose of pigment removal.
Do I need to inject anesthetic for pigmentation treatment?
During the operation, the person receiving the treatment will have a slight pinching sensation and no anesthetic is needed. However, for some large-area tattoos and nevus of Ota, because of the long treatment time, individual patients can be given local topical anesthetics to reduce pain, and no anesthetic injection is needed.
Third, what problems can be solved by Q-switched laser?
The following problems can be solved effectively.
1.Freckles: small brown spots from the tip of a needle to the size of a grain of rice, scattered on the cheeks and the bridge of the nose. They are present at young age and always exist.
2.Zygomatic brown nevus: gradually appearing after puberty, located on both sides of cheekbones or under the outer part of both eyes, gray-blue pinpoint to rice-grain-sized clusters of spots, a few patients have familial inheritance.
3.Nevus of Ota: Most of them are present at birth, and the lesions are located in the area innervated by the ophthalmic and maxillary branches of the trigeminal nerve on the face. The lesions are brown, greenish gray to cyan, purple-brown or greenish black patches with no hair on them and unclear borders, and the periphery of the patches can be divided into spots of different sizes. Some of them will appear again in adolescence.
4.Chloasma: It is the most common pigmentation disease on the face, manifested as indistinct yellow-brown patches, mostly occurring on the sun-exposed parts of the face, and mostly appearing symmetrically on both cheeks.
5.Age spots: oval protruding or smooth. Dark brown patches, mostly on the outer forearm, back of hand, front side of calf and face. It is about the size of rice grain to nickel coin and starts to appear in middle age.
6.Coffee spot: It is a hereditary skin disease, usually present at birth, and gradually grows larger with age from early childhood. It is a light brown pigmentation spot with regular or irregular shape at the edge.
7.Common tattoo and bad tattoo eyebrows, eyeliner and lips: artificially planted pigment in the dermis, or accidental injury caused by pencil cores, iron ends, etc. into the skin, usually only need a laser treatment to solve the problem. As long as it is between the black or blue series, it can be removed by laser, but the red and yellow pigments, the treatment is relatively more complicated.
Fourth, Q-switched laser eyebrow and eyeliner cleaning is safe?
Q-switched laser eyebrow and eyeliner cleaning uses the high energy emitted by the laser in an extreme time (about one hundred millionth of a second) to make the pigment particles in the irradiated part of the skin absorb the energy, instantly vaporize or burst into tiny particles, which are discharged from the body by the phagocytes in the body, due to the specific absorption of laser energy by blue and melanin. The treatment will produce a strong pigment burst and accompanied by a strong sound. The more superficial pigments absorbing energy will burst out of the epidermis and form bleeding spots. Therefore, bleeding, redness and swelling are normal for laser eyebrow washing and eyeliner washing. The laser treatment is convenient and quick, takes only 1-2 minutes, is less painful, has obvious results, leaves no scarring, and does not damage the normal skin and hair around the area, and protects the eyeballs with a face shield when washing eyeliner, so there is no damage to the eyes. It is ideal for repairing failed eyebrows and eyeliner. For some patients whose tattoo color is too dark, it is recommended to treat them in several sessions, with an interval of 2~3 months between each treatment.
V. What is the effect of Q-switched laser treatment for pigmentation?
Generally speaking, the effect of laser treatment for nevus of Ota, freckles and age spots is ideal, but not all pigmented diseases can be removed by laser. For example, chloasma (commonly known as liver spots), the most common pigmentation disorder among oriental women, is usually in dynamic change and usually reappears or even aggravates after laser treatment. Freckles or age spots have good treatment effect, but if they are not well protected from sunlight, they may recur.
What is the course and number of treatments of Q-switched laser treatment?
The fading time of pigment particles after laser treatment is usually 3~6 months. Due to individual differences in the size, type, depth, shade and color of pigmented particles and individual skin color, metabolic ability and age, the time and degree of pigmented particles fading after laser treatment varies. The lighter the lesion, the younger the age, and the earlier the treatment, the better the results. Usually, the interval between each treatment is 2~3 months. Generally speaking, superficial pigmented diseases such as freckles and age spots need 1~2 times, and deep pigmented diseases such as nevus of Ota need 5~10 times.
Seven, how is the effect of Q-switched laser tattoo removal?
The effect of Q-switched laser tattoo removal is usually good, and some tattoos can be completely removed without leaving a trace. Although the effect of blue-black tattoo removal is positive, multi-colored tattoos, especially those with fluorescent ink, are not removed as effectively, so they should be carefully evaluated before treatment. Cosmetic red, flesh-colored, brown and white inks sometimes turn irreversibly black after laser treatment, which may be caused by iron oxide turning into ferrous oxide. However, this is not the case for all patients. Depending on the situation, the doctor will usually select a small number of areas for experimental treatment first, and if the results are good then a large area can be treated.
The treatment effect depends on the nature and color of the tattoo pigment, the depth of the tattoo and individual differences.
Eight, Q-switched laser spot removal should pay attention to what issues?
The following issues should be noted.
1.Some lesions need to be treated for several times.
2, Q-switched laser has good selectivity, relatively superficial effect, and generally no scarring.
3.The treatment site should not be wetted for 5~7 days to prevent infection.
4.Temporary pigment changes (pigment deepening, pigment loss) may occur in the short term after treatment, which will disappear after several months.
5.After treatment, pay attention to sun protection on the treated area (especially within 1 month).
6.Small area pigmentation may show slight local swelling after treatment. The swelling will be obvious especially around the eyes when large area pigmentation is treated, usually disappear on its own after 3-5 days.
7.After the treatment, there may be mild redness and swelling and light brown scab, pay attention to the protection and cleanliness of the wound, use some lubricating drugs and let the scab fall off by itself.