The most critical aspect of preventing diabetes complications is the use of glucose-lowering medications, including oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin. Diabetes can be complicated by kidney damage, abnormal microvascular circulation, neuropathy, retinopathy, and diabetic foot, etc. All of these complications are caused by high blood sugar, so the first step in preventing the complications of diabetes is to control blood sugar. The first step in preventing the complications of diabetes is to control blood glucose. The main way to control blood glucose is to apply hypoglycemic drugs, which include oral drugs and insulin. Oral hypoglycemic drugs mainly include insulin secretagogues, such as sulfonylureas and non-sulfonylureas, as well as biguanides and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. Most hyperglycemic patients can choose oral hypoglycemic drugs to control blood sugar, which is more convenient and economical. Insulin hypoglycemia is a better treatment for controlling blood sugar, which needs to be injected under the skin or use an insulin pump, and is relatively expensive for long-term use. Insulin is mainly used for type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes where it is difficult to control blood sugar smoothly, and gestational diabetes. Insulin has fewer side effects and is the best choice of hypoglycemic drug when combined with hepatic and renal insufficiency. When taking medication to lower blood sugar, no matter whether it is oral medication or insulin, you must strictly follow the doctor’s instructions, and at the same time, you should take regular blood sugar measurements, and according to the situation of blood sugar control, the doctor will adjust the dosage of the medication.