Fatty liver disease (FLD) is a lesion caused by excessive accumulation of fat in the liver cells due to various reasons. The gold standard for the diagnosis of fatty liver is histopathological examination of liver puncture specimens, but this test is not easily accepted by patients due to its invasive nature. Ultrasound is not only accurate in detecting fatty liver disease, but is also non-invasive and can be repeatedly examined, so ultrasound results are now used to diagnose fatty liver disease. Fatty liver disease is clinically divided into two categories, namely alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), ALD is caused by excessive alcohol consumption, and the direct hepatotoxicity of ethanol and its metabolite acetaldehyde is the basic cause of liver damage in alcoholics. NAFLD can be caused by a number of diseases such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and the use of liver damaging drugs and toxins (e.g., yellow phosphorus, carbon tetrachloride, etc.) Alcohol consumption-obesity-metabolic syndrome-liver disease are closely related. With changes in diet and lifestyle, the prevalence of fatty liver continues to rise and has become an important cause of chronic liver disease in developed countries, regions and among the affluent and white-collar classes. Numerous studies have shown that fatty liver has also become an important liver disease in the Asia-Pacific region. With China’s aging population, accelerated urbanization, unhealthy diet and sedentary lifestyle, and an increase in obesity, the prevalence of fatty liver disease in China will become more serious in the coming decades. Although fatty liver is not an incurable disease, without early diagnosis and timely formal and reasonable treatment, it has become a medically recognized fact that the development process of fatty liver is from simple fatty liver, steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis to eventual cirrhosis and liver cancer. And the latest research regards abdominal adipose tissue as an endocrine organ, which releases excess harmful free fatty acids into circulation, angiotensin II and adipokines into circulation, which will produce: hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, and together with abdominal obesity, collectively called metabolic syndrome. Early prevention, early intervention and measures to prevent the progression of fatty liver: 1. Removing the cause is the key to preventing and treating fatty liver. The development and progression of alcoholic liver disease can be avoided by abstaining from alcohol and limiting alcohol consumption. Control of blood sugar and correction of dyslipidemia, effective weight control and weight loss, and careful use of drugs that are damaging to the liver can greatly reduce the onset of non-fatty liver disease and alleviate the condition. 2. Changing lifestyle, controlling weight and reducing waist circumference are the primary measures to control disease progression. For example, the daily caloric intake of obese adults needs to be reduced by 500 kcal to 1000 kcal; moderate aerobic exercise needs to be performed more than 4 times a week with a cumulative exercise time of at least 150 minutes. You can choose medical gymnastics, walking, running, cycling, swimming and other sports, to endurance exercise, which can not only lose weight, reduce weight, and can enhance physical fitness, improve the immunity of the body. Change bad habits, eat less fat and animal meat, eat more vegetables and fruits, don’t sit for a long time, treat competitive pressure with a calm mind as much as possible, and achieve psychological balance. 3. Recommendations for supervision and follow-up require patients to have their weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, liver function, lipids and blood glucose measured every six months; and an annual ultrasound examination of the upper abdomen including the liver, gallbladder and spleen. Patients are also advised to screen for malignancies, end-stage organ lesions associated with metabolic syndrome, and complications of cirrhosis (e.g., hepatocellular carcinoma and esophago-gastric varices) on an individual basis.