Knee arthroplasty includes total knee arthroplasty and surface knee arthroplasty. 1. Total knee arthroplasty includes surgical procedure, prosthesis installation, incision closure and related issues. (1) The surgical procedure includes the selection of the surgical incision. For primary replacement, a median longitudinal knee incision may be chosen, and the original incision may be considered if there is previous scarring. In the extended knee position, the lateral subcutaneous tissue is subcutaneously peeled off to the lateral patella, and the fat pad and bursa are partially removed. The peripatellar bones are excised and the patellofemoral ligament is severed. In the flexed knee position, the medial and lateral menisci were excised and the posterior cruciate ligament was removed, the surrounding tissues were cleared, and the patellar track was examined for proper alignment. The medial ligament is released and the soft tissues around the patella are thoroughly removed to prevent postoperative rattling. (2) Prosthesis installation, also known as metal prosthetic joint installation, is performed by flushing the trimmed femoral condyle and tibial condyle cancellous bone surface bone chips, embedding and fixing the bone cement, and placing the tibial and femoral prosthesis. (3) The incision needs to be sutured layer by layer. Suturing of the joint capsule requires extreme flexion of the knee joint to observe and determine the firmness of the suture. (4) In addition, the use of postoperative antibiotics and postoperative functional restorative training are extremely important. (2) The indications for knee surface replacement are relatively limited, and the requirements and selection of physicians and patients are more stringent. As mentioned above, knee replacement is a comprehensive analysis of the preoperative selection of indications, preoperative preparation, and intraoperative procedures, adjustments, and adjustments to achieve optimal surgical treatment.