Capillary bronchitis, also formerly known as wheezing pneumonia, differs from general bronchitis or bronchiectasis in that clinical symptoms resemble pneumonia but are dominated by wheezing. The disease occurs mostly in children under 2.5 years of age, 80% within 1 year of age, and mostly in children under 6 months of age. Its etiology is mainly respiratory syncytial virus, which can account for 80% or more; others are adenovirus, parainfluenza virus, rhinovirus, influenza virus, etc. In case of long history, young age or underlying diseases, such as congenital heart disease, premature birth, etc., bacterial infection may be secondary. The typical capillary bronchitis often occurs 2-3 days after the upper respiratory tract infection, with a persistent dry cough and fever, and a moderate to low fever. In severe cases, the child may exhibit nasal stirring and “three concave signs” (i.e., supraclavicular fossa, suprasternal fossa and epigastric depression during inspiration), pale face, blue around the mouth, or cyanosis, and the child is often irritable and moaning; in more severe cases, the child may be combined with heart failure or respiratory failure, and most cases can be relieved after treatment, and death rarely occurs. The main reason for this is the fact that it is not necessary to use antibiotics in the early stages of the disease, but it is possible to use antibiotics when secondary bacterial infection is suspected in the late stages of the disease. Treatment is mainly symptomatic and can be summarized as “sedation, phlegm removal, cough suppression and wheezing”. In addition, good nursing care is also important, especially pay attention to not disturbing the child, make him rest quietly, keep a certain humidity in the room, replenish enough low water, nebulized inhalation for severe children, and timely aspiration to keep the respiratory tract unobstructed, and also use traditional Chinese medicine. The prognosis for capillary bronchitis is mostly good. The cough usually lasts for 7-10 days, sometimes for 2-3 weeks, or recurrent. However, it should be noted that children who have suffered from capillary bronchitis are prone to asthma in the future. Through the national epidemiological survey of pediatric asthma and follow-up of children with infantile capillary bronchitis, it was found that 20% to 40% of these children developed pediatric asthma later, especially those with a history of allergy or family allergic diseases.