Nowadays, the level of medical diagnosis, rescue and treatment of stroke (commonly known as stroke) has improved, and the mortality rate in the acute phase of stroke has decreased significantly. About 65% of patients can survive after a stroke, but about 3/4 of them lose their ability to work or take care of themselves to varying degrees, such as muscle weakness, inability to speak, and difficulty swallowing, which cannot be solved by medication and require comprehensive rehabilitation. In recent years, the topic of rehabilitation has become very popular, and families of post-stroke patients have become more aware of rehabilitation. However, for various reasons, many people’s understanding of rehabilitation is to train to walk. “My dad has been doing rehabilitation for most of the year, why are his symptoms still not improving?” The confusion of the patient’s family is representative of the problem of stroke rehabilitation outcome that plagues many patient families. In the field of functional neurosurgery, the traditional means of rehabilitation mainly include various types of orthopedic surgery, orthopedic appliances and medical rehabilitation training. Medical rehabilitation training includes clinical rehabilitation, exercise therapy, occupational therapy, speech and language therapy, cultural and physical therapy, physical therapy and hydrotherapy, prosthetic and orthotic therapy, and rehabilitation care. However, in recent years, more and more clinical case studies have found that the traditional treatment means have the problems of backward concept and technology, fragmentation of treatment, unstable effect and easy rebound and recurrence. Is there a better path for post-stroke rehabilitation? In fact, surgical treatment at the right time has been proven to achieve higher efficacy than rehabilitation alone. Innovative new techniques in the treatment of cerebral palsy are applied to the treatment of hemiplegia with a highly similar pathogenesis. Surgery is used to reduce the over-increased muscle tone and improve muscle strength, thus releasing the already existing contracture deformity, and ultimately to improve motor control and balance control. After trauma, cerebrovascular accident and meningitis, patients with hemiplegia mostly show hypotonia in the early stage, but as the disease progresses, about 60% of patients soon show increased muscle tone and even gradually develop contracture deformity of tendons and joints, thus affecting motor function. In clinical rehabilitation practice, most of the spasticity after hemiplegia is not well resolved by drug and manipulation rehabilitation, and there are problems of rebound relapse after simple rehabilitation and drug treatment. After treatment of more than 200 patients, it has been proved that the selective posterior spinal nerve root partial excision can effectively reduce the excessively increased muscle tone. And given that there is a clear causal relationship between the increased muscle tone and contracture deformity, once the over-increased muscle tone is relieved and then the deformity is corrected at the right time, the problems of spasticity, salivation and deformity can be well resolved, and it is not easy to recur and rebound. Of course, to undergo this type of surgery, patients need to meet certain indications, and at present, typical patients with spastic hemiplegia are more suitable to receive surgical treatment. As for the timing of surgery, because the compensation of early hypertonia is unstable, it can fluctuate with medication and manual rehabilitation training, and generally reaches a stable level in about a year. An important indication for surgery is that the muscle tone is constant and greater than or equal to grade 3. Therefore, surgery is usually performed one year after the onset of hemiplegia during the period of muscle tone stabilization. At the same time, surgery is not the end of treatment, our treatment philosophy is “integrated and personalized surgery and rehabilitation”, after surgery, patients will continue to receive individualized rehabilitation treatment in several evaluations by our team, and the complete treatment chain is the key to ensure the effectiveness of surgery.