Amblyopia is a common condition in children’s visual development, mostly occurring between the ages of 3 and 5, or even earlier. However, because of the young age of onset of amblyopia, children do not express the feeling that they cannot see well and it is difficult for parents to detect vision problems in their children. Therefore, early refractive examinations of young children can help to understand the future refractive diffraction of amblyopia and prevent it from happening in the “cradle”. Early detection and intervention is the key to cure amblyopia. Once the best correction period (3-5 years old) is missed, the child will suffer permanent visual damage. Visual acuity screening is the most important means of detecting early childhood amblyopia, and hospitals that are in a position to do so can use children’s visual acuity screening instruments, which have the advantages of being objective, accurate and fast. Especially for infants and young children who cannot cooperate with the vision examination, the visual acuity can be determined by testing the refractive power of the eyes, and various potential vision problems can be detected, which is very convenient and applicable for vision screening of younger children. For children with refractive abnormalities, our doctors will advise parents to continue to go to the eye clinic for further examination to clarify whether there is strabismus, farsightedness, myopia, astigmatism and other refractive errors, and even some children are detected with congenital keratoconus, glaucoma, cataracts, fundus disorders and other blinding eye diseases, so that the child can have a valuable time for treatment.