The treatment of children with syncope is mainly directed at the cause, especially for children with cardiogenic syncope, and effective treatment of the cause is the key to preventing adverse cardiovascular events in children. For example, children with congenital long QT syndrome should be treated with oral insulin, and patients with outflow tract obstruction should be treated to relieve the obstruction. The treatment of VVS, which is the most common cause of pediatric syncope, is currently the subject of much research at home and abroad. The following discussion focuses on the treatment of pediatric VVS. The quality of life of patients with recurrent syncope is significantly reduced, so it is necessary and essential to treat children with VVS, which includes education, physical therapy and medication. Health education The child and parents should be clearly informed that VVS is a disease with a good prognosis and that there is no need for excessive fear and anxiety. The child and parents should be made aware of the general incidence, causes and mechanisms of the disease to raise awareness of the disease. They should also inform the children and their parents to raise their awareness of self-protection and try to avoid triggering factors such as hot and stuffy environment, excessive fatigue, dehydration, and prolonged standing. Moderate exercise can increase blood volume and tolerance to uprightness, so moderate and gradual exercise should be encouraged in patients with VVS, especially in those with low levels of symptoms. Physiotherapy Physiotherapy for VVS consists of 2 main approaches, which are described in detail in Physiotherapy for pediatric syncope Medication:For details, see How to treat pediatric syncope Pacemaker therapy The Vsovagal Pacemaker Study (VPS I) in North America suggested that the use of dual-chamber pacemakers significantly reduced the recurrence of syncope. However, the VPS II, a randomized double-blind design, showed that pacing therapy was not effective in preventing syncope recurrence in patients with VVS. A similar study from Europe, The Vsovagal Syncope and Pacing Trial (SYNPACE), also found that pacing was ineffective in preventing recurrence of syncope in patients with VVS. However, the above studies were all from adult patients, and there are very few reports of pacing for VVS in children.