Symptoms of syncope are possible in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. It can usually occur during exercise and is associated with ventricular tachyarrhythmias, which are closely related to structural changes in the myocardium and myocardial ischemia. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a hereditary cardiomyopathy characterized anatomically by asymmetric hypertrophy of the ventricles, and is one of the most important causes of sudden exercise death in adolescents. It is mainly characterized by asymmetric, uneven thickening of the ventricular muscle. Common symptoms include exertional dyspnea and fatigue, exertional chest pain in some patients, and persistent atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachyarrhythmia, which can cause syncope or even sudden death. Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction occurs when the site of ventricular myocardial hypertrophy is on the ejection channel of the left ventricle. The narrowing of the outflow tract accelerates blood flow, generating negative pressure and causing the anterior mitral valve leaflet to move forward, exacerbating the obstruction. The obstruction causes a serious reduction in pumping and a reduction in coronary blood supply, and the lack of blood supply to the myocardium increases the risk of arrhythmia. Therefore, patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy must go to the hospital in time, under the guidance of specialists to choose the appropriate treatment plan according to the condition, and if necessary, surgical treatment.